2 Samuel 3:37 שְׁמוּאֵל ב

Who acts: people, it · What happens: understand, not be, slay · To what, where: Abner

This is 2 Samuel 3:37 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — people, it — and what happens in the verse to Abner, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֵּדְע֧וּ כָל־הָעָ֛ם וְכָל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֑וּא כִּ֣י לֹ֤א הָיְתָה֙ מֵֽהַמֶּ֔לֶךְ לְהָמִ֖ית אֶת־אַבְנֵ֥ר בֶּן־נֵֽר׃פ

So all the people and all Israel understood that day that it was not of the king to slay Abner the son of Ner.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֵּדְע֧וּ	cc	and
2	יֵּדְע֧וּ	יָדַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they knew
3	כָל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יֵּדְע֧וּ	nsubj	all
4	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	5 עָ֛ם	det	the
5	עָ֛ם	עַם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	3 כָל־	compound:smixut	people
6	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	7 כָל־	cc	and
7	כָל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	3 כָל־	conj	all
8	יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	7 כָל־	compound:smixut	Israel
9	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	11 יּ֣וֹם	case	on
10	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	11 יּ֣וֹם	det	the
11	יּ֣וֹם	יוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יֵּדְע֧וּ	obl	day
12	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	13 ה֑וּא	det	(the)
13	ה֑וּא	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 יּ֣וֹם	det	that
14	כִּ֣י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	19 מֶּ֔לֶךְ	mark	(dm) that
15	לֹ֤א	לֹא	ADV	_	19 מֶּ֔לֶךְ	advmod	not
16	הָיְתָה֙	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	19 מֶּ֔לֶךְ	cop	it was
17	מֵֽ	מִן	ADP	_	19 מֶּ֔לֶךְ	case	from
18	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	19 מֶּ֔לֶךְ	det	the
19	מֶּ֔לֶךְ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יֵּדְע֧וּ	ccomp	king
20	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	21 הָמִ֖ית	case	to
21	הָמִ֖ית	מוּת	VERB	HebBinyan=HIPHIL	19 מֶּ֔לֶךְ	nsubj	kill
22	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	23 אַבְנֵ֥ר	case	(et)
23	אַבְנֵ֥ר	אַבְנֵר	PROPN	_	21 הָמִ֖ית	obj	Abner
24	בֶּן־	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	23 אַבְנֵ֥ר	appos	the son
25	נֵֽר	נֵר	PROPN	_	24 בֶּן־	compound:smixut	of Ner
26	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	25 נֵֽר	punct
27	פ	פ	PUNCT	_	25 נֵֽר	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יֵּדְעוּ they knew	wayyiqtol · qal	עָם people + יִשְׂרָאֵל Israel	הָיְתָה it was
הָיְתָה it was	qatal · qal	הָמִית kill
הָמִית kill	infinitive construct · hiphil		אַבְנֵר Abner

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וִידָעוּ כָּל עַמָא וְכָל יִשְׂרָאֵל בְּיוֹמָא הַהוּא אֲרֵי לָא הֲוַת בַּעֲצַת מַלְכָּא לְמִקְטַל יַת אַבְנֵר בַּר נֵר:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

So all the people and all Israel understood that day that it was not of the king to slay Abner the son of Ner.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2SA:95.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.3.37/