2 Samuel 5:19 שְׁמוּאֵל ב

Who acts: David, I, Thou, LORD · What happens: inquire, say, go up, deliver · To what, where: Philistines, hand · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 2 Samuel 5:19 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — David, I, Thou, LORD — and what happens in the verse to Philistines, hand, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיִּשְׁאַ֨ל דָּוִ֤ד בַּֽיהוָה֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר הַאֶֽעֱלֶה֙ אֶל־פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים הֲתִתְּנֵ֖ם בְּיָדִ֑י וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֤ה אֶל־דָּוִד֙ עֲלֵ֔ה כִּֽי־נָתֹ֥ן אֶתֵּ֛ן אֶת־הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים בְּיָדֶֽךָ׃

And David inquired of the LORD, saying: 'Shall I go up against the Philistines? wilt Thou deliver them into my hand?' And the LORD said unto David: 'Go up; for I will certainly deliver the Philistines into thy hand.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יִּשְׁאַ֨ל	cc	and
2	יִּשְׁאַ֨ל	שָׁאַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he enquired
3	דָּוִ֤ד	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	2 יִּשְׁאַ֨ל	nsubj	David
4	בַּֽ	בְּ	ADP	_	5 יהוָה֙	case	by
5	יהוָה֙	יהוה	PROPN	_	2 יִּשְׁאַ֨ל	obl	Yahweh
6	לֵ	לְ	ADP	ExtPos=SCONJ	9 אֶֽעֱלֶה֙	mark	(cmp)
7	אמֹ֔ר	אָמַר	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	6 לֵ	fixed
8	הַ	הֲ	PART	_	9 אֶֽעֱלֶה֙	advmod	will
9	אֶֽעֱלֶה֙	עָלָה	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	2 יִּשְׁאַ֨ל	ccomp	I go up?
10	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	11 פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים	case	against
11	פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים	פְּלִשְׁתִּי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	9 אֶֽעֱלֶה֙	obl	[the] Philistines
12	הֲ	הֲ	PART	_	13 תִתְּנ	advmod	will
13	תִתְּנ	נָתַן	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	9 אֶֽעֱלֶה֙	parataxis	you
14	ֵ֖ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 תִתְּנ	obj	give them?
15	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	16 יָד	case	in
16	יָד	יָד	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 תִתְּנ	obl	hand
17	ִ֑י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	16 יָד	nmod:poss	my
18	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	19 יֹּ֨אמֶר	cc	and
19	יֹּ֨אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יִּשְׁאַ֨ל	conj	he said
20	יְהוָ֤ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	19 יֹּ֨אמֶר	nsubj	Yahweh
21	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	22 דָּוִד֙	case	to
22	דָּוִד֙	דָּוִד	PROPN	_	19 יֹּ֨אמֶר	obl	David
23	עֲלֵ֔ה	עָלָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	19 יֹּ֨אמֶר	ccomp	go up
24	כִּֽי־	כִּי	SCONJ	_	26 אֶתֵּ֛ן	mark	(dm)
25	נָתֹ֥ן	נָתַן	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	26 אֶתֵּ֛ן	obl:npmod	certainly (give)
26	אֶתֵּ֛ן	נָתַן	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	23 עֲלֵ֔ה	advcl	I will give
27	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	29 פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים	case	(et)
28	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	29 פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים	det	the
29	פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים	פְּלִשְׁתִּי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	26 אֶתֵּ֛ן	obj	Philistines
30	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	31 יָד	case	in
31	יָד	יָד	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 אֶתֵּ֛ן	obl	hand
32	ֶֽךָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	31 יָד	nmod:poss	your
33	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	32 ֶֽךָ	punct

Pragmatics

form: yes/no question
act: ask
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יִּשְׁאַל he enquired	wayyiqtol · qal	דָּוִד David
אמֹר	infinitive construct · qal	דָּוִד David
אֶֽעֱלֶה I go up?	yiqtol · qal	דָּוִד David
תִתְּנ you	yiqtol · qal	יהוָה Yahweh	ֵם give them?
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	יְהוָה Yahweh
עֲלֵה go up	imperative · qal	דָּוִד David
אֶתֵּן I will give	yiqtol · qal	יְהוָה Yahweh	פְּלִשְׁתִּים Philistines

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וּשְׁאֵיל דָוִד בְּמֵימְרָא דַייָ לְמֵימַר הַאֶסַק עַל פְּלִשְׁתָּאֵי הֲתִמְסְרִינוּן בִּידִי וַאֲמַר יְיָ לְדָוִד סַק אֲרֵי מִמְסַר אֶמְסָר יַת פְּלִשְׁתָּאֵי בִּידָךְ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And David inquired of the LORD, saying: 'Shall I go up against the Philistines? wilt Thou deliver them into my hand?' And the LORD said unto David: 'Go up; for I will certainly deliver the Philistines into thy hand.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2SA:128.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.5.19/