Amos 2:1 עָמוֹס

Who acts: LORD, I, Moab · What happens: say, not reverse, burn, transgress · To what, where: it, bones, lime · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Amos 2:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, I, Moab — and what happens in the verse to it, bones, lime, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 9 chapters of Amos on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

כֹּ֚ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה עַל־שְׁלֹשָׁה֙ פִּשְׁעֵ֣י מוֹאָ֔ב וְעַל־אַרְבָּעָ֖ה לֹ֣א אֲשִׁיבֶ֑נּוּ עַל־שָׂרְפ֛וֹ עַצְמ֥וֹת מֶֽלֶךְ־אֱד֖וֹם לַשִּֽׂיד׃

Thus saith the LORD: For three transgressions of Moab, yea, for four, I will not reverse it: because he burned the bones of the king of Edom into lime.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	כֹּ֚ה	כֹּה	ADV	_	2 אָמַ֣ר	advmod	thus
2	אָמַ֣ר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he says
3	יְהוָ֔ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	2 אָמַ֣ר	nsubj	Yahweh
4	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	6 פִּשְׁעֵ֣י	case	on
5	שְׁלֹשָׁה֙	שָׁלֹשׁ	NUM	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 פִּשְׁעֵ֣י	nummod	three
6	פִּשְׁעֵ֣י	פֶּשַׁע	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	12 אֲשִׁיב	obl	(the) transgressions
7	מוֹאָ֔ב	מוֹאָב	PROPN	_	6 פִּשְׁעֵ֣י	compound:smixut	of Moab
8	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	10 אַרְבָּעָ֖ה	cc	and
9	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	10 אַרְבָּעָ֖ה	case	on
10	אַרְבָּעָ֖ה	אַרְבַּע	NUM	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 פִּשְׁעֵ֣י	conj	four
11	לֹ֣א	לֹא	ADV	_	12 אֲשִׁיב	advmod	not
12	אֲשִׁיב	שׁוּב	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=1	2 אָמַ֣ר	ccomp	I
13	ֶ֑נּוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 אֲשִׁיב	obj	will revoke it
14	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	15 שָׂרְפ	case	because
15	שָׂרְפ	שָׂרַף	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	12 אֲשִׁיב	advcl	burned
16	֛וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 שָׂרְפ	nsubj	he
17	עַצְמ֥וֹת	עֶצֶם	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	15 שָׂרְפ	obj	the bones
18	מֶֽלֶךְ־	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	17 עַצְמ֥וֹת	compound:smixut	of the king
19	אֱד֖וֹם	אֱדוֹם	PROPN	_	18 מֶֽלֶךְ־	compound:smixut	of Edom
20	לַ	לְ	ADP	_	22 שִּֽׂיד	case	into
21	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	22 שִּֽׂיד	det	(the)
22	שִּֽׂיד	שִׂיד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	15 שָׂרְפ	obl	lime
23	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	22 שִּֽׂיד	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: promise
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
the frame alone: decl · assert · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
אָמַר he says	qatal · qal	יְהוָה Yahweh
not אֲשִׁיב I	yiqtol · hiphil	ֶנּוּ will revoke it		יְהוָה Yahweh
שָׂרְפ burned	infinitive construct · qal	וֹ he	עַצְמוֹת the bones

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

כִּדְנַן אֲמַר יְיָ עַל תְּלָתָא חוֹבֵי מוֹאָב וְעַל אַרְבְּעָה לָא אֶשְׁבּוֹק לְהוֹן עַל דְאוֹקִיד גַרְמֵי מַלְכָּא דֶאֱדוֹם וְסָדִינוּן כְּגִירָא בְּבֵיתָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Thus saith the LORD: For three transgressions of Moab, yea, for four, I will not reverse it: because he burned the bones of the king of Edom into lime.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:AMO:15.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/AMO.2.1/