Amos 2:15 עָמוֹס

Who acts: flight · What happens: stand, handle, be, not deliver, ride, deliver · To what, where: bow, flight, horse

This is Amos 2:15 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — flight — and what happens in the verse to bow, flight, horse, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 9 chapters of Amos on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְתֹפֵ֤שׂ הַקֶּ֙שֶׁת֙ לֹ֣א יַעֲמֹ֔ד וְקַ֥ל בְּרַגְלָ֖יו לֹ֣א יְמַלֵּ֑ט וְרֹכֵ֣ב הַסּ֔וּס לֹ֥א יְמַלֵּ֖ט נַפְשֽׁוֹ׃

Neither shall he stand that handleth the bow; and he that is swift of foot shall not deliver himself; neither shall he that rideth the horse deliver himself;

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	6 יַעֲמֹ֔ד	cc	and
2	תֹפֵ֤שׂ	תָּפַשׂ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	6 יַעֲמֹ֔ד	nsubj	[the one who] handles
3	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	4 קֶּ֙שֶׁת֙	det	(of) the
4	קֶּ֙שֶׁת֙	קֶשֶׁת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	2 תֹפֵ֤שׂ	compound:smixut	bow
5	לֹ֣א	לֹא	ADV	_	6 יַעֲמֹ֔ד	advmod	not
6	יַעֲמֹ֔ד	עָמַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he will stand
7	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	13 יְמַלֵּ֑ט	cc	and
8	קַ֥ל	קַל	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	13 יְמַלֵּ֑ט	nsubj	a [person] swift
9	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	10 רַגְלָ֖י	case	on
10	רַגְלָ֖י	רֶגֶל	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Dual	8 קַ֥ל	nmod	feet
11	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 רַגְלָ֖י	nmod:poss	his
12	לֹ֣א	לֹא	ADV	_	13 יְמַלֵּ֑ט	advmod	not
13	יְמַלֵּ֑ט	מָלַט	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3	6 יַעֲמֹ֔ד	conj	he will save
14	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	19 יְמַלֵּ֖ט	cc	and
15	רֹכֵ֣ב	רָכַב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	19 יְמַלֵּ֖ט	nsubj	the rider
16	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	17 סּ֔וּס	det	of
17	סּ֔וּס	סוּס	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	15 רֹכֵ֣ב	compound:smixut	the horse
18	לֹ֥א	לֹא	ADV	_	19 יְמַלֵּ֖ט	advmod	not
19	יְמַלֵּ֖ט	מָלַט	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3	6 יַעֲמֹ֔ד	conj	he will save
20	נַפְשׁ	נֶפֶשׁ	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 יְמַלֵּ֖ט	obj	life
21	ֽוֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 נַפְשׁ	nmod:poss	his
22	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	21 ֽוֹ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
תֹפֵשׂ [the one who] handles	participle active · qal		קֶּשֶׁת bow
not יַעֲמֹד he will stand	yiqtol · qal	תֹפֵשׂ [the one who] handles
not יְמַלֵּט he will save	yiqtol · piel	קַל a [person] swift
רֹכֵב the rider	participle active · qal		סּוּס the horse
not יְמַלֵּט he will save	yiqtol · piel	רֹכֵב the rider	נַפְשׁ life

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲחִיד קַשְׁתָּא לָא יְקוּם וּדְקַלִיל בְּרִגְלֵיה לָא יִשְׁתֵּיזֵיב וּרְכִיב סוּסַיָא לָא יְשֵׁיזֵיב נַפְשֵׁיהּ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Neither shall he stand that handleth the bow; and he that is swift of foot shall not deliver himself; neither shall he that rideth the horse deliver himself;

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:AMO:29.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/AMO.2.15/