Amos 2:15 · JPS 1917
Neither shall he stand that handleth the bow; and he that is swift of foot shall not deliver himself; neither shall he that rideth the horse deliver himself;
Who acts: flight · What happens: stand, handle, be, not deliver, ride, deliver · To what, where: bow, flight, horse
This is Amos 2:15 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (flight), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Neither | neither | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 4 stand | cc |
| 2 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 stand | aux |
| 3 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 stand | nsubj |
| 4 | stand | stand | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 6 handleth | nsubj |
| 6 | handleth | handle | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 he | acl:relcl |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 bow | det |
| 8 | bow | bow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 handleth | obj |
| 9 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 19 deliver | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 deliver | cc |
| 11 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 deliver | nsubj |
| 12 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 14 swift | nsubj |
| 13 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 swift | cop |
| 14 | swift | swift | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 he | acl:relcl |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 foot | case |
| 16 | foot | foot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 swift | obl |
| 17 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 19 deliver | aux |
| 18 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 19 deliver | advmod |
| 19 | deliver | deliver | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 stand | conj |
| 20 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 19 deliver | obj |
| 21 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 29 deliver | punct |
| 22 | neither | neither | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 29 deliver | cc |
| 23 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 29 deliver | aux |
| 24 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 deliver | nsubj |
| 25 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 26 rideth | nsubj |
| 26 | rideth | ride | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 he | acl:relcl |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 horse | det |
| 28 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 rideth | obj |
| 29 | deliver | deliver | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 stand | conj |
| 30 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 29 deliver | obj |
| 31 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 4 stand | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed polarity=none
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stand | shall | flight | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | handle | present | the bow | vn hold-15.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bow=Theme | |||||
| 3 | is | present | of foot; swift property | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | not deliver | shall | flight | flight | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Patient | ||||
| 5 | ride | present | the horse | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent horse=Theme | |||||
| 6 | deliver | shall | flight | flight | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וְתֹפֵ֤שׂ הַקֶּ֙שֶׁת֙ לֹ֣א יַעֲמֹ֔ד וְקַ֥ל בְּרַגְלָ֖יו לֹ֣א יְמַלֵּ֑ט וְרֹכֵ֣ב הַסּ֔וּס לֹ֥א יְמַלֵּ֖ט נַפְשֽׁוֹ׃
Amos 2:15: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:AMO:30 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/AMO.30/