Amos 3:2 עָמוֹס

Who acts: I · What happens: know, visit · To what, where: You, iniquities

This is Amos 3:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I — and what happens in the verse to You, iniquities, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 9 chapters of Amos on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

רַ֚ק אֶתְכֶ֣ם יָדַ֔עְתִּי מִכֹּ֖ל מִשְׁפְּח֣וֹת הָאֲדָמָ֑ה עַל־כֵּן֙ אֶפְקֹ֣ד עֲלֵיכֶ֔ם אֵ֖ת כָּל־עֲוֺנֹֽתֵיכֶֽם׃

You only have I known of all the families of the earth; therefore I will visit upon you all your iniquities.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	רַ֚ק	רַק	ADV	_	3 ְכֶ֣ם	advmod	only
2	אֶת	אֵת	ADP	_	3 ְכֶ֣ם	case
3	ְכֶ֣ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	4 יָדַ֔עְתִּי	obj	you
4	יָדַ֔עְתִּי	יָדַע	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	root	root	I have known
5	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	6 כֹּ֖ל	case	from
6	כֹּ֖ל	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 יָדַ֔עְתִּי	obl	all
7	מִשְׁפְּח֣וֹת	מִשְׁפָּחָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	6 כֹּ֖ל	compound:smixut	the clans
8	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	9 אֲדָמָ֑ה	det	of
9	אֲדָמָ֑ה	אֲדָמָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	7 מִשְׁפְּח֣וֹת	compound:smixut	the earth
10	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	11 כֵּן֙	case	therefore
11	כֵּן֙	כֵּן	ADV	_	4 יָדַ֔עְתִּי	conj
12	אֶפְקֹ֣ד	פָּקַד	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	4 יָדַ֔עְתִּי	parataxis	I will visit
13	עֲלֵי	עַל	ADP	_	14 כֶ֔ם	case	on
14	כֶ֔ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	12 אֶפְקֹ֣ד	obl	you
15	אֵ֖ת	אֵת	ADP	_	16 כָּל־	case	(et)
16	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	12 אֶפְקֹ֣ד	obj	all
17	עֲוֺנֹֽתֵי	עָוֺן	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 כָּל־	compound:smixut	iniquities
18	כֶֽם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	17 עֲוֺנֹֽתֵי	nmod:poss	your
19	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	18 כֶֽם	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
יָדַעְתִּי I have known	qatal · qal		ְכֶם you
אֶפְקֹד I will visit	yiqtol · qal		עֲוֺנֹֽתֵי iniquities

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

לְחוֹד בְּכוֹן אִתְרְעֵיתִי מִכָּל זַרְעֲיַת אַרְעָא עַל כֵּן אַסְעַר עֲלֵיכוֹן יַת כָּל חוֹבֵיכוֹן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

You only have I known of all the families of the earth; therefore I will visit upon you all your iniquities.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:AMO:32.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/AMO.3.2/