Amos 7:2 עָמוֹס

Who acts: growth, locusts, end, I, Jacob · What happens: come, pass, make, eat, say, forgive · To what, where: end, grass, Thee · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Amos 7:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — growth, locusts, end, I, Jacob — and what happens in the verse to end, grass, Thee, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 9 chapters of Amos on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְהָיָ֗ה אִם־כִּלָּה֙ לֶֽאֱכוֹל֙ אֶת־עֵ֣שֶׂב הָאָ֔רֶץ וָאֹמַ֗ר אֲדֹנָ֤י יְהוִה֙ סְֽלַֽח־נָ֔א מִ֥י יָק֖וּם יַֽעֲקֹ֑ב כִּ֥י קָטֹ֖ן הֽוּא׃

And if it had come to pass, that when they had made an end of eating the grass of the land — so I said: O Lord GOD, forgive, I beseech Thee; how shall Jacob stand? for he is small.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 הָיָ֗ה	cc	and
2	הָיָ֗ה	הָיָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it will be
3	אִם־	אִם	SCONJ	_	4 כִּלָּה֙	mark	if
4	כִּלָּה֙	כָּלָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3	12 אֹמַ֗ר	advcl	it had finished
5	לֶֽ	לְ	ADP	_	6 אֱכוֹל֙	case	to
6	אֱכוֹל֙	אָכַל	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	4 כִּלָּה֙	xcomp	eat
7	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	8 עֵ֣שֶׂב	case	(et)
8	עֵ֣שֶׂב	עֵשֶׂב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 אֱכוֹל֙	obj	the vegetation
9	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	10 אָ֔רֶץ	det	of
10	אָ֔רֶץ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 עֵ֣שֶׂב	compound:smixut	the land
11	וָ	וְ	CCONJ	_	12 אֹמַ֗ר	cc	and
12	אֹמַ֗ר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	2 הָיָ֗ה	parataxis	I said
13	אֲדֹנ	אֲדֹנָי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	12 אֹמַ֗ר	ccomp	Lord
14	ָ֤י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	13 אֲדֹנ	nmod:poss	my
15	יְהוִה֙	יְהֹוִה	PROPN	_	13 אֲדֹנ	appos	Yahweh
16	סְֽלַֽח־	סָלַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	13 אֲדֹנ	parataxis	forgive
17	נָ֔א	נָא	INTJ	_	16 סְֽלַֽח־	discourse	please
18	מִ֥י	מִי	PRON	PronType=Int	19 יָק֖וּם	advmod	who?
19	יָק֖וּם	קוּם	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	13 אֲדֹנ	parataxis	will he stand
20	יַֽעֲקֹ֑ב	יַעֲקֹב	PROPN	_	19 יָק֖וּם	nsubj	Jacob
21	כִּ֥י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	22 קָטֹ֖ן	mark	(dm)
22	קָטֹ֖ן	קָטֹן	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	13 אֲדֹנ	parataxis	[is] small
23	הֽוּא	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 קָטֹ֖ן	nsubj	he
24	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	23 הֽוּא	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · assert · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
כִּלָּה it had finished	qatal · piel
אֱכוֹל eat	infinitive construct · qal		עֵשֶׂב the vegetation
אֹמַר I said	wayyiqtol · qal		סְֽלַֽח־ forgive + יָקוּם will he stand
סְֽלַֽח־ forgive	imperative · qal	אֲדֹנ Lord
יָקוּם will he stand	yiqtol · qal	יַֽעֲקֹב Jacob

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וִיהֵא כַּד שֵׁיצֵי לְמֵיכַל יַת עִסְבָּא דְאַרְעָא וַאֲמָרֵית קַבֵּל בָּעוּתִי יְיָ אֱלֹהִים שְׁבוֹק כְּעַן לְחוֹבֵי שְׁאָרָא דְיַעֲקֹב מַן יְקוּם וְיִבְעֵי עַל חַטָאֵיהוֹן אֲרֵי מְטַלְטְלִין אִנוּן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And if it had come to pass, that when they had made an end of eating the grass of the land — so I said: O Lord GOD, forgive, I beseech Thee; how shall Jacob stand? for he is small.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:AMO:101.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/AMO.7.2/