Ezekiel 18:16 יְחֶזְקֵאל

What happens: wrong, not take, pledge, take, give, cover · To what, where: any, aught, bread, hungry, naked

This is Ezekiel 18:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: what happens in the verse to any, aught, bread, hungry, naked, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 48 chapters of Ezekiel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְאִישׁ֙ לֹ֣א הוֹנָ֔ה חֲבֹל֙ לֹ֣א חָבָ֔ל וּגְזֵלָ֖ה לֹ֣א גָזָ֑ל לַחְמוֹ֙ לְרָעֵ֣ב נָתָ֔ן וְעֵר֖וֹם כִּסָּה־בָֽגֶד׃

neither hath wronged any, hath not taken aught to pledge, neither hath taken by robbery, but hath given his bread to the hungry, and hath covered the naked with a garment,

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	4 הוֹנָ֔ה	cc	and
2	אִישׁ֙	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 הוֹנָ֔ה	obj	anyone
3	לֹ֣א	לֹא	ADV	_	4 הוֹנָ֔ה	advmod	not
4	הוֹנָ֔ה	יָנָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he has oppressed
5	חֲבֹל֙	חֲבֹל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	7 חָבָ֔ל	obj	a pledge
6	לֹ֣א	לֹא	ADV	_	7 חָבָ֔ל	advmod	not
7	חָבָ֔ל	חָבַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	4 הוֹנָ֔ה	parataxis	he has taken as pledge
8	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 גָזָ֑ל	cc	and
9	גְזֵלָ֖ה	גְּזֵלָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	11 גָזָ֑ל	obj	robbery
10	לֹ֣א	לֹא	ADV	_	11 גָזָ֑ל	advmod	not
11	גָזָ֑ל	גָּזַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	4 הוֹנָ֔ה	conj	he has robbed
12	לַחְמ	לֶחֶם	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 נָתָ֔ן	obj	food
13	וֹ֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 לַחְמ	nmod:poss	his
14	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	15 רָעֵ֣ב	case	to [the]
15	רָעֵ֣ב	רָעֵב	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	16 נָתָ֔ן	obl	hungry
16	נָתָ֔ן	נָתַן	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	4 הוֹנָ֔ה	parataxis	he has given
17	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	19 כִּסָּה־	cc	and [the]
18	עֵר֖וֹם	עֵירֹם	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	19 כִּסָּה־	obj	naked
19	כִּסָּה־	כָּסָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3	4 הוֹנָ֔ה	conj	he has covered
20	בָֽגֶד	בֶּגֶד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	19 כִּסָּה־	obl	clothing
21	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	20 בָֽגֶד	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
not הוֹנָה he has oppressed	qatal · hiphil	אִישׁ anyone
not חָבָל he has taken as pledge	qatal · qal		חֲבֹל a pledge
not גָזָל he has robbed	qatal · qal		גְזֵלָה robbery
נָתָן he has given	qatal · qal		לַחְמ food
כִּסָּה־ he has covered	qatal · piel		עֵרוֹם naked

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וֶאֱנַשׁ לָא אוֹנִי מַשְׁכּוֹנָא לָא נְסִיב וּגְזֵלָה לָא גְזַל מִלַחְמֵיהּ לְכָפְנָא יְהַב וְעַרְטִילָאָה כַסֵי מִכְּסוּתֵהּ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

neither hath wronged any, hath not taken aught to pledge, neither hath taken by robbery, but hath given his bread to the hungry, and hath covered the naked with a garment,

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:EZK:400.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.18.16/