Ezekiel 18:16 · JPS 1917
neither hath wronged any, hath not taken aught to pledge, neither hath taken by robbery, but hath given his bread to the hungry, and hath covered the naked with a garment,
What happens: wrong, not take, pledge, take, give, cover · To what, where: any, aught, bread, hungry, naked
This is Ezekiel 18:16 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | neither | neither | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 3 wronged | cc:preconj |
| 2 | hath | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 wronged | aux |
| 3 | wronged | wrong | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 3 wronged | obj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 taken | punct |
| 6 | hath | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 taken | aux |
| 7 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 8 taken | advmod |
| 8 | taken | take | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 wronged | conj |
| 9 | aught | aught | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 taken | obj |
| 10 | to | to | PART | _ | 11 pledge | mark |
| 11 | pledge | pledge | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 taken | advcl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 taken | punct |
| 13 | neither | neither | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 15 taken | cc:preconj |
| 14 | hath | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 taken | aux |
| 15 | taken | take | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 wronged | conj |
| 16 | by | by | ADP | _ | 17 robbery | case |
| 17 | robbery | robbery | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 taken | obl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 given | punct |
| 19 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 21 given | cc |
| 20 | hath | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 given | aux |
| 21 | given | give | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 15 taken | conj |
| 22 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 bread | nmod:poss |
| 23 | bread | bread | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 given | obj |
| 24 | to | to | ADP | _ | 26 hungry | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 hungry | det |
| 26 | hungry | hungry | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 given | obl |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 covered | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 covered | cc |
| 29 | hath | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 covered | aux |
| 30 | covered | cover | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 21 given | conj |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 naked | det |
| 32 | naked | naked | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 covered | obj |
| 33 | with | with | ADP | _ | 35 garment | case |
| 34 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 35 garment | det |
| 35 | garment | garment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 covered | obl |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 wronged | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- polarity
- neg
- teacher
- changed voice=character
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | wrong | present · perfect | any | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | not take | present · perfect | aught | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent aught=Theme | |||||
| 3 | pledge | to-infinitive | vn promise-37.13 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 4 | take | present · perfect | by robbery | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | give | present · perfect | man's bread | the hungry | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent bread=Theme to hungry=Recipient | ||||
| 6 | cover | present · perfect | the naked | with a garment | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent naked=Destination with garment=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וְאִישׁ֙ לֹ֣א הוֹנָ֔ה חֲבֹל֙ לֹ֣א חָבָ֔ל וּגְזֵלָ֖ה לֹ֣א גָזָ֑ל לַחְמוֹ֙ לְרָעֵ֣ב נָתָ֔ן וְעֵר֖וֹם כִּסָּה־בָֽגֶד׃
Ezekiel 18:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:EZK:418 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/EZK.418/