Ezekiel 18:31 יְחֶזְקֵאל

Who acts: you, ye, your · What happens: cast away, transgress, make, die · To what, where: transgressions, new heart, you

This is Ezekiel 18:31 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you, ye, your — and what happens in the verse to transgressions, new heart, you, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 48 chapters of Ezekiel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

הַשְׁלִ֣יכוּ מֵעֲלֵיכֶ֗ם אֶת־כָּל־פִּשְׁעֵיכֶם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר פְּשַׁעְתֶּ֣ם בָּ֔ם וַעֲשׂ֥וּ לָכֶ֛ם לֵ֥ב חָדָ֖שׁ וְר֣וּחַ חֲדָשָׁ֑ה וְלָ֥מָּה תָמֻ֖תוּ בֵּ֥ית יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃

Cast away from you all your transgressions, wherein ye have transgressed; and make you a new heart and a new spirit; for why will ye die, O house of Israel?

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	הַשְׁלִ֣יכוּ	שָׁלַךְ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=2	root	root	throw away
2	מֵ	מִן	ADP	_	4 כֶ֗ם	case	from
3	עֲלֵי	עַל	ADP	_	4 כֶ֗ם	case	with
4	כֶ֗ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	1 הַשְׁלִ֣יכוּ	obl	you
5	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	6 כָּל־	case	(et)
6	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	1 הַשְׁלִ֣יכוּ	obj	all
7	פִּשְׁעֵי	פֶּשַׁע	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	6 כָּל־	compound:smixut	transgressions
8	כֶם֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	7 פִּשְׁעֵי	nmod:poss	your
9	אֲשֶׁ֣ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	10 פְּשַׁעְתֶּ֣ם	mark	which
10	פְּשַׁעְתֶּ֣ם	פָּשַׁע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	6 כָּל־	acl:relcl	you have transgressed
11	בּ	בְּ	ADP	_	12 ָ֔ם	case	by
12	ָ֔ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 פְּשַׁעְתֶּ֣ם	obl	them
13	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	14 עֲשׂ֥וּ	cc	and
14	עֲשׂ֥וּ	עָשָׂה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	1 הַשְׁלִ֣יכוּ	conj	make
15	ל	לְ	ADP	_	16 ָכֶ֛ם	case	for
16	ָכֶ֛ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	14 עֲשׂ֥וּ	obl	yourselves
17	לֵ֥ב	לֵב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	14 עֲשׂ֥וּ	obj	a heart
18	חָדָ֖שׁ	חָדָשׁ	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	17 לֵ֥ב	amod	new
19	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	20 ר֣וּחַ	cc	and
20	ר֣וּחַ	רוּחַ	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 לֵ֥ב	conj	a spirit
21	חֲדָשָׁ֑ה	חָדָשׁ	ADJ	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	20 ר֣וּחַ	amod	new
22	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	25 תָמֻ֖תוּ	cc	and
23	לָ֥	לָמָה	ADP	_	24 מָּה	case
24	מָּה	מָה	PRON	PronType=Int	25 תָמֻ֖תוּ	obl	why?
25	תָמֻ֖תוּ	מוּת	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	1 הַשְׁלִ֣יכוּ	conj	will you die
26	בֵּ֥ית	בַּיִת	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	25 תָמֻ֖תוּ	parataxis	O house
27	יִשְׂרָאֵֽל	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	26 בֵּ֥ית	compound:smixut	of Israel
28	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	27 יִשְׂרָאֵֽל	punct

Pragmatics

form: command
act: request
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
הַשְׁלִיכוּ throw away	imperative · hiphil	פִּשְׁעֵי transgressions
פְּשַׁעְתֶּם you have transgressed	qatal · qal
עֲשׂוּ make	imperative · qal		לֵב a heart + רוּחַ a spirit
תָמֻתוּ will you die	yiqtol · qal	בֵּית O house

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

אַרְחִיקוּ מִנְכוֹן יַת כָּל חוֹבֵיכוֹן דְחַבְתּוֹן בְּהוֹן וֶעֱבִידוּ לְכוֹן לֵב דָחֵיל וְרוּחַ דַחֲלָא וְלָמָה תְמוּתוּן בֵּית יִשְׂרָאֵל:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Cast away from you all your transgressions, wherein ye have transgressed; and make you a new heart and a new spirit; for why will ye die, O house of Israel?

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:EZK:415.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.18.31/