Ezekiel 31:18 יְחֶזְקֵאל

Who acts: thou, sword, This, Lord GOD · What happens: be, bring down, lie, slay, say · To what, where: glory, thou, midst, Pharaoh · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Ezekiel 31:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — thou, sword, This, Lord GOD — and what happens in the verse to glory, thou, midst, Pharaoh, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 48 chapters of Ezekiel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

אֶל־מִ֨י דָמִ֥יתָ כָּ֛כָה בְּכָב֥וֹד וּבְגֹ֖דֶל בַּעֲצֵי־עֵ֑דֶן וְהוּרַדְתָּ֨אֶת־עֲצֵי־עֵ֜דֶן אֶל־אֶ֣רֶץ תַּחְתִּ֗ית בְּת֨וֹךְ עֲרֵלִ֤ים תִּשְׁכַּב֙ אֶת־חַלְלֵי־חֶ֔רֶב ה֤וּא פַרְעֹה֙ וְכָל־הֲמוֹנֹ֔הנְאֻ֖ם אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהוִֽה׃ס

To whom art thou thus like in glory and in greatness among the trees of Eden? yet shall thou be brought down with the trees of Eden unto the nether parts of the earth; thou shalt lie in the midst of the uncircumcised, with them that are slain by the sword. This is Pharaoh and all his multitude, saith the Lord GOD.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	2 מִ֨י	case	(to)
2	מִ֨י	מִי	PRON	PronType=Int	3 דָמִ֥יתָ	obl	whom?
3	דָמִ֥יתָ	דָּמָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	root	root	are you like
4	כָּ֛כָה	כָּכָה	ADV	_	3 דָמִ֥יתָ	advmod	thus
5	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	6 כָב֥וֹד	case	in
6	כָב֥וֹד	כָּבוֹד	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 דָמִ֥יתָ	obl	splendor
7	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	9 גֹ֖דֶל	cc	and
8	בְ	בְּ	ADP	_	9 גֹ֖דֶל	case	in
9	גֹ֖דֶל	גֹּדֶל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 כָב֥וֹד	conj	greatness
10	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	11 עֲצֵי־	case	among
11	עֲצֵי־	עֵץ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	3 דָמִ֥יתָ	obl	the trees
12	עֵ֑דֶן	עֵדֶן	PROPN	_	11 עֲצֵי־	compound:smixut	of Eden
13	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	14 הוּרַדְתָּ֨	cc	and
14	הוּרַדְתָּ֨	יָרַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HOPHAL Number=Sing Person=2	3 דָמִ֥יתָ	conj	you will be brought down
15	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	16 עֲצֵי־	case	with
16	עֲצֵי־	עֵץ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	14 הוּרַדְתָּ֨	obl	the trees
17	עֵ֜דֶן	עֵדֶן	PROPN	_	16 עֲצֵי־	compound:smixut	of Eden
18	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	19 אֶ֣רֶץ	case	to
19	אֶ֣רֶץ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 הוּרַדְתָּ֨	obl	[the] earth
20	תַּחְתִּ֗ית	תַּחְתִּי	ADJ	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	19 אֶ֣רֶץ	amod	lowest
21	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	22 ת֨וֹךְ	case	among
22	ת֨וֹךְ	תָּוֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	24 תִּשְׁכַּב֙	obl
23	עֲרֵלִ֤ים	עָרֵל	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	22 ת֨וֹךְ	compound:smixut	uncircumcised [men]
24	תִּשְׁכַּב֙	שָׁכַב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	3 דָמִ֥יתָ	parataxis	you will lie
25	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	26 חַלְלֵי־	case	with
26	חַלְלֵי־	חָלָל	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	24 תִּשְׁכַּב֙	obl	[those] slain
27	חֶ֔רֶב	חֶרֶב	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	26 חַלְלֵי־	compound:smixut	of a sword
28	ה֤וּא	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	29 פַרְעֹה֙	nsubj	that
29	פַרְעֹה֙	פַּרְעֹה	PROPN	_	3 דָמִ֥יתָ	parataxis	[is] Pharaoh
30	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	31 כָל־	cc	and
31	כָל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	29 פַרְעֹה֙	conj	all
32	הֲמוֹנ	הָמוֹן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	31 כָל־	compound:smixut	multitude
33	ֹ֔ה	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	32 הֲמוֹנ	nmod:poss	his
34	נְאֻ֖ם	נְאֻם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	3 דָמִ֥יתָ	parataxis	the utterance
35	אֲדֹנ	אֲדֹנָי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	34 נְאֻ֖ם	compound:smixut	Lord
36	ָ֥י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	35 אֲדֹנ	nmod:poss	of [the]
37	יְהוִֽה	יְהֹוִה	PROPN	_	35 אֲדֹנ	appos	Yahweh
38	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	37 יְהוִֽה	punct
39	ס	ס	PUNCT	_	37 יְהוִֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: wh-question
act: ask
voice: character
speech: speech with no frame
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
דָמִיתָ are you like	qatal · qal
הוּרַדְתָּ you will be brought down	weqatal · hophal
תִּשְׁכַּב you will lie	yiqtol · qal

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

לְמַן דַמְיֵתָא כְּדֵין בִּיקַר וּבִרְבוּ בְּמַלְכֵי קֶדֶם וְתִתְּחַת עִם מַלְכֵי קֶדֶם לְאַרְעָא אַרְעִיתָא בְּגוֹ חַיָבַיָא תִשְׁכַּב עִם קְטִילֵי חַרְבָּא הוּא פַרְעֹה וְכָל אִתְרְגוּשְׁתֵּיהּ אֲמַר יְיָ אֱלֹהִים:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:EZK:783.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.31.18/