Mova0.5 pre-release⌕
☰
home / corpora / Tanakh / Nevi'im / Ezekiel / chapter 38 / 38:20

Ezekiel 38:20 יְחֶזְקֵאל

Who acts: creeping things, men, fishes, steep places, wall · What happens: creep, be, shake, throw down, fall · To what, where: ground, mountains

This is Ezekiel 38:20 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — creeping things, men, fishes, steep places, wall — and what happens in the verse to ground, mountains, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 48 chapters of Ezekiel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְרָעֲשׁ֣וּ מִפָּנַ֡י דְּגֵ֣י הַיָּם֩ וְע֨וֹף הַשָּׁמַ֜יִם וְחַיַּ֣ת הַשָּׂדֶ֗ה וְכָל־הָרֶ֙מֶשׂ֙ הָרֹמֵ֣שׂ עַל־הָֽאֲדָמָ֔ה וְכֹל֙ הָֽאָדָ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֖ר עַל־פְּנֵ֣י הָאֲדָמָ֑ה וְנֶהֶרְס֣וּ הֶהָרִ֗ים וְנָֽפְלוּ֙ הַמַּדְרֵג֔וֹת וְכָל־חוֹמָ֖ה לָאָ֥רֶץ תִּפּֽוֹל׃

so that the fishes of the sea, and the fowls of the heaven, and the beasts of the field and all creeping things that creep upon the ground, and all the men that are upon the face of the earth, shall shake at My presence, and the mountains shall be thrown down, and the steep places shall fall, and every wall shall fall to the ground.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

cccaseoblnmod:possnsubjdetcompound:smixutccconjdetcompound:smixutccconjdetcompound:smixutccconjdetcompound:smixutmarkacl:relclcasedetoblccconjdetcompound:smixutmarkcaseacl:relcldetcompound:smixutccconjdetnsubjccconjdetnsubjccnsubjcompound:smixutcasedetoblconjpunctrootוְCCONJandרָעֲשׁוּVERBthey will shakeמִADPfromפָּנNOUNbeforeַיPRONmeדְּגֵיNOUNthe fish(es)הַDETofיָּםNOUNthe seaוְCCONJandעוֹףNOUNthe bird[s]הַDETofשָּׁמַיִםNOUNthe heavensוְCCONJandחַיַּתNOUNthe animal[s]הַDETofשָּׂדֶהNOUNthe fieldוְCCONJandכָל־NOUNeveryהָDET(the) creepingרֶמֶשׂNOUNthingהָSCONJ[which]רֹמֵשׂVERBcreepsעַל־ADPonהָֽDETtheאֲדָמָהNOUNgroundוְCCONJandכֹלNOUNallהָֽDET(the)אָדָםNOUNhumankindאֲשֶׁרSCONJwhichעַל־ADP[is] onפְּנֵיNOUNthe surfaceהָDETofאֲדָמָהNOUNthe groundוְCCONJandנֶהֶרְסוּVERBthey will be thrown downהֶDETtheהָרִיםNOUNmountainsוְCCONJandנָֽפְלוּVERBthey will fallהַDETthe steepמַּדְרֵגוֹתNOUNplacesוְCCONJandכָל־NOUNeveryחוֹמָהNOUNwallלָADPtoהDETtheאָרֶץNOUNgroundתִּפּֽוֹלVERBit will fall׃PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelationgloss
1וְוְCCONJ_2 רָעֲשׁ֣וּccand
2רָעֲשׁ֣וּרָעַשׁVERBGender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3rootrootthey will shake
3מִמִןADP_4 פָּנcasefrom
4פָּנפָּנֶהNOUNNumber=Plur2 רָעֲשׁ֣וּoblbefore
5ַ֡יהוּאPRONGender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs4 פָּנnmod:possme
6דְּגֵ֣ידָּגNOUNGender=Masc Number=Plur2 רָעֲשׁ֣וּnsubjthe fish(es)
7הַהַDETPronType=Art8 יָּם֩detof
8יָּם֩יָםNOUNGender=Masc Number=Sing6 דְּגֵ֣יcompound:smixutthe sea
9וְוְCCONJ_10 ע֨וֹףccand
10ע֨וֹףעוֹףNOUNGender=Masc Number=Sing6 דְּגֵ֣יconjthe bird[s]
11הַהַDETPronType=Art12 שָּׁמַ֜יִםdetof
12שָּׁמַ֜יִםשָׁמַיִםNOUNGender=Masc Number=Plur10 ע֨וֹףcompound:smixutthe heavens
13וְוְCCONJ_14 חַיַּ֣תccand
14חַיַּ֣תחַיָּהNOUNGender=Fem Number=Sing6 דְּגֵ֣יconjthe animal[s]
15הַהַDETPronType=Art16 שָּׂדֶ֗הdetof
16שָּׂדֶ֗השָׂדֶהNOUNGender=Masc Number=Sing14 חַיַּ֣תcompound:smixutthe field
17וְוְCCONJ_18 כָל־ccand
18כָל־כֹּלNOUNGender=Masc Number=Sing6 דְּגֵ֣יconjevery
19הָהַDETPronType=Art20 רֶ֙מֶשׂ֙det(the) creeping
20רֶ֙מֶשׂ֙רֶמֶשׂNOUNGender=Masc Number=Sing18 כָל־compound:smixutthing
21הָהַSCONJ_22 רֹמֵ֣שׂmark[which]
22רֹמֵ֣שׂרָמַשׂVERBGender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing18 כָל־acl:relclcreeps
23עַל־עַלADP_25 אֲדָמָ֔הcaseon
24הָֽהַDETPronType=Art25 אֲדָמָ֔הdetthe
25אֲדָמָ֔האֲדָמָהNOUNGender=Fem Number=Sing22 רֹמֵ֣שׂoblground
26וְוְCCONJ_27 כֹל֙ccand
27כֹל֙כֹּלNOUNGender=Masc Number=Sing6 דְּגֵ֣יconjall
28הָֽהַDETPronType=Art29 אָדָ֔םdet(the)
29אָדָ֔םאָדָםNOUNGender=Masc Number=Sing27 כֹל֙compound:smixuthumankind
30אֲשֶׁ֖ראֲשֶׁרSCONJ_32 פְּנֵ֣יmarkwhich
31עַל־עַלADP_32 פְּנֵ֣יcase[is] on
32פְּנֵ֣יפָּנֶהNOUNNumber=Plur27 כֹל֙acl:relclthe surface
33הָהַDETPronType=Art34 אֲדָמָ֑הdetof
34אֲדָמָ֑האֲדָמָהNOUNGender=Fem Number=Sing32 פְּנֵ֣יcompound:smixutthe ground
35וְוְCCONJ_36 נֶהֶרְס֣וּccand
36נֶהֶרְס֣וּהָרַסVERBGender=Com HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Plur Person=32 רָעֲשׁ֣וּconjthey will be thrown down
37הֶהַDETPronType=Art38 הָרִ֗יםdetthe
38הָרִ֗יםהַרNOUNGender=Masc Number=Plur36 נֶהֶרְס֣וּnsubjmountains
39וְוְCCONJ_40 נָֽפְלוּ֙ccand
40נָֽפְלוּ֙נָפַלVERBGender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=32 רָעֲשׁ֣וּconjthey will fall
41הַהַDETPronType=Art42 מַּדְרֵג֔וֹתdetthe steep
42מַּדְרֵג֔וֹתמַדְרֵגָהNOUNGender=Fem Number=Plur40 נָֽפְלוּ֙nsubjplaces
43וְוְCCONJ_49 תִּפּֽוֹלccand
44כָל־כֹּלNOUNGender=Masc Number=Sing49 תִּפּֽוֹלnsubjevery
45חוֹמָ֖החוֹמָהNOUNGender=Fem Number=Sing44 כָל־compound:smixutwall
46לָלְADP_48 אָ֥רֶץcaseto
47ההַDETPronType=Art48 אָ֥רֶץdetthe
48אָ֥רֶץאֶרֶץNOUNNumber=Sing49 תִּפּֽוֹלoblground
49תִּפּֽוֹלנָפַלVERBGender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=32 רָעֲשׁ֣וּconjit will fall
50׃׃PUNCT_49 תִּפּֽוֹלpunct

Pragmatics

form
statement
act
assert
voice
character
speech
inside a quote begun earlier
negation
no
verbform · stemwho (A0)what, whom (A1)to whom, further (A2)who makes it happen (AA)
רָעֲשׁוּ they will shakeweqatal · qalדְּגֵי the fish(es) + עוֹף the bird[s] + חַיַּת the animal[s] + רֶמֶשׂ thing + אָדָם humankind
רֹמֵשׂ creepsparticiple active · qalרֶמֶשׂ thing
נֶהֶרְסוּ they will be thrown downweqatal · niphalהָרִים mountains
נָֽפְלוּ they will fallweqatal · qalמַּדְרֵגוֹת places
תִּפּֽוֹל it will fallyiqtol · qalחוֹמָה wall

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וִיזוּעוּן מִן קֳדָמַי נוּנֵי יַמָא וְעוֹפָא דִשְׁמַיָא וְחַיַת בָּרָא וְכָל רִחֲשָׁא דְרָחֵישׁ עַל אַרְעָא וְכָל אֱנָשָׁא דִי עַל אַפֵּי אַרְעָא וְיִתְפַּגְרוּן טוּרַיָא וְיִתְתַּלְשׁוּן מִגְדָלַיָא וְכָל שׁוּר רָם לְאַרְעָא יִתְחַמָר:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

  1. so that the fishes of the sea, and the fowls of the heaven, and the beasts of the field and all creeping things that creep upon the ground, and all the men that are upon the face of the earth, shall shake at My presence, and the mountains shall be thrown down, and the steep places shall fall, and every wall shall fall to the ground.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:EZK:980.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/EZK.38.20/