Hosea 10:12 הוֹשֵׁעַ

Who acts: you, ground, Judah, righteousness · What happens: sow, accord, reap, break up, be, seek · To what, where: yourselves, fallow ground, time, LORD, righteousness

This is Hosea 10:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you, ground, Judah, righteousness — and what happens in the verse to yourselves, fallow ground, time, LORD, righteousness, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 14 chapters of Hosea on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

זִרְע֨וּ לָכֶ֤ם לִצְדָקָה֙ קִצְר֣וּ לְפִי־חֶ֔סֶד נִ֥ירוּ לָכֶ֖ם נִ֑יר וְעֵת֙ לִדְר֣וֹשׁ אֶת־יְהוָ֔ה עַד־יָב֕וֹא וְיֹרֶ֥ה צֶ֖דֶק לָכֶֽם׃

Sow to yourselves according to righteousness, reap according to mercy, break up your fallow ground; for it is time to seek the LORD, till He come and cause righteousness to rain upon you.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	זִרְע֨וּ	זָרַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	root	root	sow
2	ל	לְ	ADP	_	3 ָכֶ֤ם	case	(for
3	ָכֶ֤ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	1 זִרְע֨וּ	obl	yourselves
4	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	5 צְדָקָה֙	case	(to)
5	צְדָקָה֙	צְדָקָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	1 זִרְע֨וּ	obl	righteousness
6	קִצְר֣וּ	קָצַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	1 זִרְע֨וּ	parataxis	reap
7	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	8 פִי־	case	(to) a
8	פִי־	פֶּה	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 קִצְר֣וּ	obl	mouth
9	חֶ֔סֶד	חֶסֶד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 פִי־	compound:smixut	of loyalty
10	נִ֥ירוּ	נִיר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	1 זִרְע֨וּ	parataxis	plow
11	ל	לְ	ADP	_	12 ָכֶ֖ם	case	(for
12	ָכֶ֖ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	10 נִ֥ירוּ	obl	yourselves
13	נִ֑יר	נִיר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	10 נִ֥ירוּ	obj	unplowed ground
14	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	15 עֵת֙	cc	and
15	עֵת֙	עֵת	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 זִרְע֨וּ	conj	[it is] time
16	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	17 דְר֣וֹשׁ	case	to
17	דְר֣וֹשׁ	דָּרַשׁ	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	15 עֵת֙	advcl	seek
18	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	19 יְהוָ֔ה	case	(et)
19	יְהוָ֔ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	17 דְר֣וֹשׁ	obj	Yahweh
20	עַד־	עַד	ADP	_	21 יָב֕וֹא	case	until
21	יָב֕וֹא	בּוֹא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	1 זִרְע֨וּ	parataxis	he will come
22	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	23 יֹרֶ֥ה	cc	and
23	יֹרֶ֥ה	יָרָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	21 יָב֕וֹא	conj	he will rain down
24	צֶ֖דֶק	צֶדֶק	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	23 יֹרֶ֥ה	obj	righteousness
25	ל	לְ	ADP	_	26 ָכֶֽם	case	for
26	ָכֶֽם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	23 יֹרֶ֥ה	obl	you
27	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	26 ָכֶֽם	punct

Pragmatics

form: command
act: request
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
זִרְעוּ sow	imperative · qal
קִצְרוּ reap	imperative · qal
נִירוּ plow	imperative · qal		נִיר unplowed ground
דְרוֹשׁ seek	infinitive construct · qal		יְהוָה Yahweh
יָבוֹא he will come	yiqtol · qal	יְהוָה Yahweh
יֹרֶה he will rain down	yiqtol · hiphil	צֶדֶק righteousness		יְהוָה Yahweh

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

בֵּית יִשְׂרָאֵל עֲבִידוּ לְכוֹן עוֹבָדִין טָבִין הֲלִיכוּ בְּאוֹרְחָא דְקוּשְׁטָא קַיִימוּ לְכוֹן אוּלְפַן אוֹרַיְתָא הָא בְּכָל עִדַן נְבִיַיָא אָמְרִין לְכוֹן תְּבוּ לִדְחַלְתָּא דַייָ כְּעַן יִתְגְלֵי וְיַיְתֵי זַכְוָן לְכוֹן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Sow to yourselves according to righteousness, reap according to mercy, break up your fallow ground; for it is time to seek the LORD, till He come and cause righteousness to rain upon you.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:HOS:142.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS.10.12/