Hosea 4:19 הוֹשֵׁעַ
Who acts: wind, rulers · What happens: bind up, be, sacrifice · To what, where: harlotry
This is Hosea 4:19 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — wind, rulers — and what happens in the verse to harlotry, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 14 chapters of Hosea on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
צָרַ֥ר ר֛וּחַ אוֹתָ֖הּ בִּכְנָפֶ֑יהָ וְיֵבֹ֖שׁוּ מִזִּבְחוֹתָֽם
The wind hath bound her up in her skirts; and they shall be ashamed because of their sacrifices.
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | צָרַ֥ר | צָרַר | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | root | root | it has wrapped |
| 2 | ר֛וּחַ | רוּחַ | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 צָרַ֥ר | nsubj | a wind |
| 3 | אוֹת | אֵת | ADP | _ | 4 ָ֖הּ | case | |
| 4 | ָ֖הּ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 1 צָרַ֥ר | obj | it |
| 5 | בִּ | בְּ | ADP | _ | 6 כְנָפֶ֑י | case | in |
| 6 | כְנָפֶ֑י | כָּנָף | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Dual | 1 צָרַ֥ר | obl | wings |
| 7 | הָ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 כְנָפֶ֑י | nmod:poss | its |
| 8 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 9 יֵבֹ֖שׁוּ | cc | and |
| 9 | יֵבֹ֖שׁוּ | בּוֹשׁ | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3 | 1 צָרַ֥ר | conj | they will be ashamed |
| 10 | מִ | מִן | ADP | _ | 11 זִּבְחוֹת | case | from |
| 11 | זִּבְחוֹת | זֶבַח | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 9 יֵבֹ֖שׁוּ | obl | sacrifices |
| 12 | ָֽם | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 זִּבְחוֹת | nmod:poss | their |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- speech
- narration
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| צָרַר it has wrapped | qatal · qal | רוּחַ a wind | ָהּ it | ||
| יֵבֹשׁוּ they will be ashamed | yiqtol · qal |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Jonathan
עוֹבְדֵי רַבְרְבֵיהוֹן לָא תַקְנִין כְּמָא דְלֵית אֶפְשַׁר לְמֵיצַר רוּחַ בְּכָנָף כְּעַן אַיְתֵי עֲלֵיהוֹן סָנְאָה וְיִבְהֲתוּן מֵאֱגוֹרֵי טַעֲוָתְהוֹן:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:HOS:57.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS.4.19/