Hosea 4:3 הוֹשֵׁעַ

Who acts: land, one · What happens: mourn, dwell, languish, take away · To what, where: fishes

This is Hosea 4:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — land, one — and what happens in the verse to fishes, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 14 chapters of Hosea on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

עַל־כֵּ֣ן ׀ תֶּאֱבַ֣ל הָאָ֗רֶץ וְאֻמְלַל֙ כָּל־יוֹשֵׁ֣ב בָּ֔הּ בְּחַיַּ֥ת הַשָּׂדֶ֖ה וּבְע֣וֹף הַשָּׁמָ֑יִם וְגַם־דְּגֵ֥י הַיָּ֖ם יֵאָסֵֽפוּ׃

Therefore doth the land mourn, and every one that dwelleth therein doth languish, with the beasts of the field, and the fowls of heaven; yea, the fishes of the sea also are taken away.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	2 כֵּ֣ן	case	therefore
2	כֵּ֣ן	כֵּן	ADV	_	root	root
3	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	2 כֵּ֣ן	punct
4	תֶּאֱבַ֣ל	אָבַל	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 כֵּ֣ן	parataxis	it will dry up
5	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	6 אָ֗רֶץ	det	the
6	אָ֗רֶץ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 תֶּאֱבַ֣ל	nsubj	land
7	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	8 אֻמְלַל֙	cc	and
8	אֻמְלַל֙	אָמַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PULAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 כֵּ֣ן	conj	he will languish
9	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 אֻמְלַל֙	nsubj	every
10	יוֹשֵׁ֣ב	יָשַׁב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	9 כָּל־	compound:smixut	[one who] dwells
11	בּ	בְּ	ADP	_	12 ָ֔הּ	case	in
12	ָ֔הּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 יוֹשֵׁ֣ב	obl	it
13	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	14 חַיַּ֥ת	case	among
14	חַיַּ֥ת	חַיָּה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	8 אֻמְלַל֙	obl	the animal[s]
15	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	16 שָּׂדֶ֖ה	det	of
16	שָּׂדֶ֖ה	שָׂדֶה	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	14 חַיַּ֥ת	compound:smixut	the field
17	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	19 ע֣וֹף	cc	and
18	בְ	בְּ	ADP	_	19 ע֣וֹף	case	among
19	ע֣וֹף	עוֹף	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	14 חַיַּ֥ת	conj	the bird[s]
20	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	21 שָּׁמָ֑יִם	det	of
21	שָּׁמָ֑יִם	שָׁמַיִם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	19 ע֣וֹף	compound:smixut	the heavens
22	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	27 יֵאָסֵֽפוּ	cc	and
23	גַם־	גַּם	ADV	_	27 יֵאָסֵֽפוּ	advmod	also
24	דְּגֵ֥י	דָּג	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	27 יֵאָסֵֽפוּ	nsubj	the fish(es)
25	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	26 יָּ֖ם	det	of
26	יָּ֖ם	יָם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	24 דְּגֵ֥י	compound:smixut	the sea
27	יֵאָסֵֽפוּ	אָסַף	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 כֵּ֣ן	conj	they will be removed
28	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	27 יֵאָסֵֽפוּ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
תֶּאֱבַל it will dry up	yiqtol · qal	אָרֶץ land
אֻמְלַל he will languish	weqatal · pulal	יוֹשֵׁב [one who] dwells
יֵאָסֵֽפוּ they will be removed	yiqtol · niphal		דְּגֵי the fish(es)

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

עַל כֵּן תֶּחֱרוֹב אַרְעָא וְיִצְדֵי כָּל דְיָתֵב בָּהּ בְּחַיַת בָּרָא וּבְעוֹפָא דִשְׁמַיָא וְאַף נוּנֵי יַמָא יִזְעֲרוּן מִן קֳדָם חוֹבֵיהוֹן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Therefore doth the land mourn, and every one that dwelleth therein doth languish, with the beasts of the field, and the fowls of heaven; yea, the fishes of the sea also are taken away.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:HOS:41.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS.4.3/