Hosea 6:1 הוֹשֵׁעַ
Who acts: you, us, He · What happens: come, let, return, tear, heal, smite · To what, where: us
This is Hosea 6:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you, us, He — and what happens in the verse to us, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 14 chapters of Hosea on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
לְכוּ֙ וְנָשׁ֣וּבָה אֶל־יְהוָ֔ה כִּ֛י ה֥וּא טָרָ֖ף וְיִרְפָּאֵ֑נוּ יַ֖ךְ וְיַחְבְּשֵֽׁנוּ׃
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | לְכוּ֙ | הלך | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2 | root | root | come |
| 2 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 3 נָשׁ֣וּבָה | cc | and |
| 3 | נָשׁ֣וּבָה | שׁוּב | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=1 | 1 לְכוּ֙ | conj | let us return |
| 4 | אֶל־ | אֶל | ADP | _ | 5 יְהוָ֔ה | case | to |
| 5 | יְהוָ֔ה | יהוה | PROPN | _ | 3 נָשׁ֣וּבָה | obl | Yahweh |
| 6 | כִּ֛י | כִּי | SCONJ | _ | 8 טָרָ֖ף | mark | (dm) |
| 7 | ה֥וּא | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 טָרָ֖ף | nsubj | he |
| 8 | טָרָ֖ף | טָרַף | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 1 לְכוּ֙ | advcl | he has torn to pieces |
| 9 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 10 יִרְפָּא | cc | and |
| 10 | יִרְפָּא | רָפָא | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 8 טָרָ֖ף | conj | he |
| 11 | ֵ֑נוּ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 10 יִרְפָּא | obj | will heal us |
| 12 | יַ֖ךְ | נָכָה | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3 | 1 לְכוּ֙ | parataxis | he has struck |
| 13 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 14 יַחְבְּשׁ | cc | and |
| 14 | יַחְבְּשׁ | חָבַשׁ | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 12 יַ֖ךְ | conj | he |
| 15 | ֵֽנוּ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 14 יַחְבְּשׁ | obj | will bind us up |
| 16 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 15 ֵֽנוּ | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- command
- act
- request
- voice
- character
- speech
- inside a quote begun earlier
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| לְכוּ come | imperative · qal | ||||
| נָשׁוּבָה let us return | cohortative · qal | ||||
| טָרָף he has torn to pieces | qatal · qal | הוּא he | |||
| יִרְפָּא he | yiqtol · qal | יְהוָה Yahweh | ֵנוּ will heal us | ||
| יַךְ he has struck | yiqtol · hiphil | יְהוָה Yahweh | |||
| יַחְבְּשׁ he | yiqtol · qal | יְהוָה Yahweh | ֵֽנוּ will bind us up |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Jonathan
יֵימְרוּן אֱתוּ וּנְתוּב לְפוּלְחָנָא דַייָ אֲרֵי הוּא דִי מְחָנָא וְיַסִנָנָא וּדְאַיְתֵי עֲלָנָא תְּבַר יְנִיחַ לָנָא:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:HOS:73.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS.6.1/