Hosea 7:4 הוֹשֵׁעַ
Who acts: doings, baker · What happens: be, heat, cease, stir, leaven · To what, where: adulterers, oven, kneading, dough
This is Hosea 7:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — doings, baker — and what happens in the verse to adulterers, oven, kneading, dough, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 14 chapters of Hosea on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
כֻּלָּם֙ מְנָ֣אֲפִ֔ים כְּמ֣וֹ תַנּ֔וּר בֹּעֵ֖רָה מֵֽאֹפֶ֑ה יִשְׁבּ֣וֹת מֵעִ֔יר מִלּ֥וּשׁ בָּצֵ֖ק עַד־חֻמְצָתֽוֹ׃
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | כֻּלּ | כֹּל | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 3 מְנָ֣אֲפִ֔ים | nsubj | of them |
| 2 | ָם֙ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 1 כֻּלּ | nmod:poss | all |
| 3 | מְנָ֣אֲפִ֔ים | נָאַף | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur | root | root | [are] adulterers |
| 4 | כְּמ֣וֹ | כְּמוֹ | ADP | _ | 5 תַנּ֔וּר | case | like |
| 5 | תַנּ֔וּר | תַּנּוּר | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 3 מְנָ֣אֲפִ֔ים | parataxis | an oven |
| 6 | בֹּעֵ֖רָה | בָּעַר | VERB | Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing | 5 תַנּ֔וּר | acl:relcl | [which] burns |
| 7 | מֵֽ | מִן | ADP | _ | 8 אֹפֶ֑ה | case | from |
| 8 | אֹפֶ֑ה | אָפָה | ADJ | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing | 6 בֹּעֵ֖רָה | obl | a baker |
| 9 | יִשְׁבּ֣וֹת | שָׁבַת | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 8 אֹפֶ֑ה | acl | [who] he ceases |
| 10 | מֵעִ֔יר | עוּר | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing | 9 יִשְׁבּ֣וֹת | ccomp | stirring up |
| 11 | מִ | מִן | ADP | _ | 12 לּ֥וּשׁ | case | from |
| 12 | לּ֥וּשׁ | לוּשׁ | VERB | HebBinyan=QAL | 10 מֵעִ֔יר | advcl | kneading |
| 13 | בָּצֵ֖ק | בָּצֵק | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 12 לּ֥וּשׁ | obj | [the] dough |
| 14 | עַד־ | עַד | ADP | _ | 15 חֻמְצָת | case | until |
| 15 | חֻמְצָת | חָמֵץ | VERB | HebBinyan=QAL | 10 מֵעִ֔יר | advcl | it |
| 16 | ֽוֹ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 חֻמְצָת | nsubj | is leavened |
| 17 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 16 ֽוֹ | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- speech
- inside a quote begun earlier
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| מְנָאֲפִים [are] adulterers | participle active · piel | ָם all | |||
| בֹּעֵרָה [which] burns | participle active · qal | תַנּוּר an oven | |||
| יִשְׁבּוֹת [who] he ceases | yiqtol · qal | אֹפֶה a baker | מֵעִיר stirring up | ||
| מֵעִיר stirring up | participle active · hiphil | אֹפֶה a baker | |||
| לּוּשׁ kneading | infinitive construct · qal | אֹפֶה a baker | בָּצֵק [the] dough | ||
| חֻמְצָת it | infinitive construct · qal | ֽוֹ is leavened |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Jonathan
כּוּלְהוֹן מַחְמַדִין לְמֵינַף נְשֵׁי חַבְרֵיהוֹן דָלְקִין כְּתַנוּרָא דַאֲזָלֵיהוֹן נַחְתּוֹמָא בְּכֵן יִגְלוּן בִּפְרִיעַ מִקִרְוֵיהוֹן כְּמָא דְמוֹחָן לְקַיָמָא מַחְשְׁבַת רִשְׁעָא וְעַל דְלָא אִדְכָּרוּ נִסִין וּגְבוּרָן דְאִתְעֲבִידוּ לְהוֹן בְּיוֹם מִסַקְהוֹן מִמִצְרַיִם מֵעִדַן מֵילַשׁ לִישָׁא עַד לָא חֲמָע:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:HOS:87.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/HOS.7.4/