Isaiah 1:17 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ
Who acts: you · What happens: learn, do, seek, relieve, judge, plead · To what, where: justice, oppressed, fatherless
This is Isaiah 1:17 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you — and what happens in the verse to justice, oppressed, fatherless, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
לִמְד֥וּ הֵיטֵ֛ב דִּרְשׁ֥וּ מִשְׁפָּ֖ט אַשְּׁר֣וּ חָמ֑וֹץ שִׁפְט֣וּ יָת֔וֹם רִ֖יבוּ אַלְמָנָֽה׃ס
Learn to do well; seek justice, relieve the oppressed, judge the fatherless, plead for the widow.
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | לִמְד֥וּ | לָמַד | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2 | root | root | learn |
| 2 | הֵיטֵ֛ב | יָטַב | VERB | HebBinyan=HIPHIL | 1 לִמְד֥וּ | obj | to do good |
| 3 | דִּרְשׁ֥וּ | דָּרַשׁ | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2 | 1 לִמְד֥וּ | parataxis | seek |
| 4 | מִשְׁפָּ֖ט | מִשְׁפָּט | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 3 דִּרְשׁ֥וּ | obj | justice |
| 5 | אַשְּׁר֣וּ | אָשַׁר | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur Person=2 | 1 לִמְד֥וּ | parataxis | set right |
| 6 | חָמ֑וֹץ | חָמוֹץ | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 5 אַשְּׁר֣וּ | obj | [the] oppressor |
| 7 | שִׁפְט֣וּ | שָׁפַט | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2 | 1 לִמְד֥וּ | parataxis | vindicate |
| 8 | יָת֔וֹם | יָתוֹם | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 7 שִׁפְט֣וּ | obj | [the] fatherless |
| 9 | רִ֖יבוּ | רִיב | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2 | 1 לִמְד֥וּ | parataxis | conduct a case for |
| 10 | אַלְמָנָֽה | אַלְמָנָה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 9 רִ֖יבוּ | obj | [the] widow |
| 11 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 10 אַלְמָנָֽה | punct | |
| 12 | ס | ס | PUNCT | _ | 10 אַלְמָנָֽה | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- command
- act
- request
- voice
- character
- speech
- inside a quote begun earlier
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| לִמְדוּ learn | imperative · qal | הֵיטֵב to do good | |||
| הֵיטֵב to do good | infinitive absolute · hiphil | ||||
| דִּרְשׁוּ seek | imperative · qal | מִשְׁפָּט justice | |||
| אַשְּׁרוּ set right | imperative · piel | חָמוֹץ [the] oppressor | |||
| שִׁפְטוּ vindicate | imperative · qal | יָתוֹם [the] fatherless | |||
| רִיבוּ conduct a case for | imperative · qal | אַלְמָנָֽה [the] widow |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Jonathan
אַלִיפוּ לְאוֹטָבָא תְּבָעוּ דִינָא זַכּוּ דַאֲנִיס דוּנוּ דִין יַתְמָא עֲבִידוּ קַבִּילוּ קְבֵילַת אַרְמַלְתָּא:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:16.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.1.17/