Isaiah 10:2 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ

Who acts: widows · What happens: turn aside, take away, be, make · To what, where: needy, judgment, right, spoil, fatherless

This is Isaiah 10:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — widows — and what happens in the verse to needy, judgment, right, spoil, fatherless, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

לְהַטּ֤וֹת מִדִּין֙ דַּלִּ֔ים וְלִגְזֹ֕ל מִשְׁפַּ֖ט עֲנִיֵּ֣י עַמִּ֑י לִהְי֤וֹת אַלְמָנוֹת֙ שְׁלָלָ֔ם וְאֶת־יְתוֹמִ֖ים יָבֹֽזּוּ׃

To turn aside the needy from judgment, and to take away the right of the poor of My people, that widows may be their spoil, and that they may make the fatherless their prey!

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	2 הַטּ֤וֹת	case	to
2	הַטּ֤וֹת	נָטָה	VERB	HebBinyan=HIPHIL	root	root	turn aside
3	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	4 דִּין֙	case	from
4	דִּין֙	דִּין	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 הַטּ֤וֹת	obl	judgment
5	דַּלִּ֔ים	דַּל	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	4 דִּין֙	compound:smixut	poor [people]
6	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	8 גְזֹ֕ל	cc	and
7	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	8 גְזֹ֕ל	case	to
8	גְזֹ֕ל	גָּזַל	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	2 הַטּ֤וֹת	conj	take away
9	מִשְׁפַּ֖ט	מִשְׁפָּט	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 גְזֹ֕ל	obj	the justice
10	עֲנִיֵּ֣י	עָנִי	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	9 מִשְׁפַּ֖ט	compound:smixut	of the poor [people]
11	עַמּ	עַם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	10 עֲנִיֵּ֣י	compound:smixut	my people
12	ִ֑י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	11 עַמּ	nmod:poss	my
13	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	16 שְׁלָל	case	to
14	הְי֤וֹת	הָיָה	AUX	HebBinyan=QAL	16 שְׁלָל	cop	be
15	אַלְמָנוֹת֙	אַלְמָנָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	16 שְׁלָל	nsubj	widows
16	שְׁלָל	שָׁלָל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 הַטּ֤וֹת	parataxis	prey
17	ָ֔ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 שְׁלָל	nmod:poss	their
18	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	21 יָבֹֽזּוּ	cc	and
19	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	20 יְתוֹמִ֖ים	case	(et)
20	יְתוֹמִ֖ים	יָתוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	21 יָבֹֽזּוּ	obj	fatherless ones
21	יָבֹֽזּוּ	בָּזַז	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 הַטּ֤וֹת	conj	they will plunder
22	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	21 יָבֹֽזּוּ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
הַטּוֹת turn aside	infinitive construct · hiphil
גְזֹל take away	infinitive construct · qal		מִשְׁפַּט the justice
הְיוֹת be	infinitive construct · qal	אַלְמָנוֹת widows
יָבֹֽזּוּ they will plunder	yiqtol · qal		יְתוֹמִים fatherless ones

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

לְאַסְטָאָה מִדִין מִסְכְּנִין וּלְמֵינַס מַה דִרָעָן מֵחֲשִׁיכֵי עַמָא בְּדִינָא לְמֶהֱוֵי אַרְמְלָן עֲדֵיהוֹן וְיַת נִכְסֵי יַתְמַיָא יִבְזוּן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

To turn aside the needy from judgment, and to take away the right of the poor of My people, that widows may be their spoil, and that they may make the fatherless their prey!

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:197.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.10.2/