Isaiah 17:9 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ

Who acts: strong cities, city · What happens: be, forsake · To what, where: forsaken places, desolation

This is Isaiah 17:9 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — strong cities, city — and what happens in the verse to forsaken places, desolation, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

בַּיּ֨וֹם הַה֜וּא יִהְי֣וּ ׀ עָרֵ֣י מָעֻזּ֗וֹ כַּעֲזוּבַ֤ת הַחֹ֙רֶשׁ֙ וְהָ֣אָמִ֔יר אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָזְב֔וּ מִפְּנֵ֖י בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְהָיְתָ֖ה שְׁמָמָֽה׃

In that day shall his strong cities be as the forsaken places, which were forsaken from before the children of Israel, after the manner of woods and lofty forests; and it shall be a desolation.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	3 יּ֨וֹם	case	in
2	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	3 יּ֨וֹם	det	the
3	יּ֨וֹם	יוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	root	root	day
4	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	5 ה֜וּא	det	(the)
5	ה֜וּא	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 יּ֨וֹם	det	that
6	יִהְי֣וּ	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	3 יּ֨וֹם	cop	they will be
7	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	6 יִהְי֣וּ	punct
8	עָרֵ֣י	עִיר	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	3 יּ֨וֹם	nsubj	the cities
9	מָעֻזּ	מָעוֹז	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 עָרֵ֣י	compound:smixut	his refuge
10	֗וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 מָעֻזּ	nmod:poss	his
11	כַּ	כְּ	ADP	_	12 עֲזוּבַ֤ת	case	like
12	עֲזוּבַ֤ת	עָזַב	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	3 יּ֨וֹם	advcl	the forsaken [place]
13	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	14 חֹ֙רֶשׁ֙	det	of
14	חֹ֙רֶשׁ֙	חֹרֶשׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	12 עֲזוּבַ֤ת	compound:smixut	the forest
15	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	17 אָמִ֔יר	cc	and
16	הָ֣	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	17 אָמִ֔יר	det	the
17	אָמִ֔יר	אָמִיר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	14 חֹ֙רֶשׁ֙	conj	top
18	אֲשֶׁ֣ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	19 עָזְב֔וּ	mark	which
19	עָזְב֔וּ	עָזַב	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	12 עֲזוּבַ֤ת	acl:relcl	they abandoned
20	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	21 פְּנֵ֖י	case	from
21	פְּנֵ֖י	פָּנֶה	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 עָזְב֔וּ	obl	before
22	בְּנֵ֣י	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	21 פְּנֵ֖י	compound:smixut	the people
23	יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	22 בְּנֵ֣י	compound:smixut	of Israel
24	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	26 שְׁמָמָֽה	cc	and
25	הָיְתָ֖ה	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	26 שְׁמָמָֽה	cop	it will be
26	שְׁמָמָֽה	שְׁמָמָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	3 יּ֨וֹם	conj	a desolation
27	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	26 שְׁמָמָֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יִהְיוּ they will be	yiqtol · qal	עָרֵי the cities
עָזְבוּ they abandoned	qatal · qal		עֲזוּבַת the forsaken [place]
הָיְתָה it will be	weqatal · qal	עָרֵי the cities

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

בְּעִדָנָא הַהִיא יֶהֱוְיָן קִרְוֵי תוּקְפֵיהוֹן כִּכְרַךְ דַחֲרִיב וְאִתְחַמַר דִי אִשְׁתְּבֵיק מִן קֳדָם בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וּתְהֵי לְצָדוּ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

In that day shall his strong cities be as the forsaken places, which were forsaken from before the children of Israel, after the manner of woods and lofty forests; and it shall be a desolation.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:337.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.17.9/