Isaiah 2:22 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ

Who acts: ye, breath · What happens: cease, be, account · To what, where: nostrils, man

This is Isaiah 2:22 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — ye, breath — and what happens in the verse to nostrils, man, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

חִדְל֤וּ לָכֶם֙ מִן־הָ֣אָדָ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר נְשָׁמָ֖ה בְּאַפּ֑וֹ כִּֽי־בַמֶּ֥ה נֶחְשָׁ֖ב הֽוּא׃פ

Cease ye from man, in whose nostrils is a breath; for how little is he to be accounted!

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	חִדְל֤וּ	חָדַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	root	root	cease
2	ל	לְ	ADP	_	3 ָכֶם֙	case	(for
3	ָכֶם֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	1 חִדְל֤וּ	obl	yourselves
4	מִן־	מִן	ADP	_	6 אָדָ֔ם	case	from
5	הָ֣	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	6 אָדָ֔ם	det	(the)
6	אָדָ֔ם	אָדָם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	1 חִדְל֤וּ	obl	humankind
7	אֲשֶׁ֥ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	10 אַפּ	mark	whom
8	נְשָׁמָ֖ה	נְשָׁמָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	10 אַפּ	nsubj	breath
9	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	10 אַפּ	case	[is] in
10	אַפּ	אַף	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 אָדָ֔ם	acl:relcl	nose
11	֑וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 אַפּ	nmod:poss	his
12	כִּֽי־	כִּי	SCONJ	_	15 נֶחְשָׁ֖ב	mark	(dm)
13	בַ	בְּ	ADP	_	14 מֶּ֥ה	case
14	מֶּ֥ה	מָה	PRON	PronType=Int	15 נֶחְשָׁ֖ב	obl	how?
15	נֶחְשָׁ֖ב	חָשַׁב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing	1 חִדְל֤וּ	advcl	accounted
16	הֽוּא	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 נֶחְשָׁ֖ב	nsubj	[is] he
17	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	16 הֽוּא	punct
18	פ	פ	PUNCT	_	16 הֽוּא	punct

Pragmatics

form: command
act: request
voice: character
speech: speech with no frame
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
חִדְלוּ cease	imperative · qal
נֶחְשָׁב accounted	participle active · niphal		הֽוּא [is] he

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

אִתְמְנָעוּ לְכוֹן מִלְאִשְׁתַּעְבָּדָא לְאֱנָשָׁא בְּמֶעְבְּדֵיהּ דַחֲלָא דְנִשְׁמַת רוּחַ חַיִין בְּאַפּוֹהִי אֲרֵי יוֹמָא דֵין הוּא קַיָם וּמְחַר לֵיתוֹהִי וְכִלְמָא חֲשִׁיב הוּא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Cease ye from man, in whose nostrils is a breath; for how little is he to be accounted!

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:52.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.2.22/