Isaiah 2:4 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ

Who acts: mountain, peoples, nation · What happens: judge, decide, beat, not lift up, learn · To what, where: swords, plowshares, sword, nation, war

This is Isaiah 2:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — mountain, peoples, nation — and what happens in the verse to swords, plowshares, sword, nation, war, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְשָׁפַט֙ בֵּ֣ין הַגּוֹיִ֔ם וְהוֹכִ֖יחַ לְעַמִּ֣ים רַבִּ֑ים וְכִתְּת֨וּ חַרְבוֹתָ֜ם לְאִתִּ֗ים וַחֲנִיתֽוֹתֵיהֶם֙ לְמַזְמֵר֔וֹת לֹא־יִשָּׂ֨א ג֤וֹי אֶל־גּוֹי֙ חֶ֔רֶב וְלֹא־יִלְמְד֥וּ ע֖וֹד מִלְחָמָֽה׃פ

And He shall judge between the nations, and shall decide for many peoples; and they shall beat their swords into plowshares, and their spears into pruninghooks; nation shall not lift up sword against nation, neither shall they learn war any more.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 שָׁפַט֙	cc	and
2	שָׁפַט֙	שָׁפַט	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he will judge
3	בֵּ֣ין	בֵּין	ADP	_	5 גּוֹיִ֔ם	case	between
4	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	5 גּוֹיִ֔ם	det	the
5	גּוֹיִ֔ם	גּוֹי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 שָׁפַט֙	obl	nations
6	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	7 הוֹכִ֖יחַ	cc	and
7	הוֹכִ֖יחַ	יָכַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	2 שָׁפַט֙	conj	he will decide
8	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	9 עַמִּ֣ים	case	for
9	עַמִּ֣ים	עַם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	7 הוֹכִ֖יחַ	obl	peoples
10	רַבִּ֑ים	רַב	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	9 עַמִּ֣ים	amod	many
11	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	12 כִתְּת֨וּ	cc	and
12	כִתְּת֨וּ	כָּתַת	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur Person=3	2 שָׁפַט֙	conj	they will beat
13	חַרְבוֹת	חֶרֶב	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	12 כִתְּת֨וּ	obj	swords
14	ָ֜ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 חַרְבוֹת	nmod:poss	their
15	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	16 אִתִּ֗ים	case	into
16	אִתִּ֗ים	אֵת	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	12 כִתְּת֨וּ	obl	plowshares
17	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	18 חֲנִיתֽוֹתֵי	cc	and
18	חֲנִיתֽוֹתֵי	חֲנִית	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	12 כִתְּת֨וּ	conj	spears
19	הֶם֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 חֲנִיתֽוֹתֵי	nmod:poss	their
20	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	21 מַזְמֵר֔וֹת	case	into
21	מַזְמֵר֔וֹת	מַזְמֵרָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	18 חֲנִיתֽוֹתֵי	obl	pruning knives
22	לֹא־	לֹא	ADV	_	23 יִשָּׂ֨א	advmod	not
23	יִשָּׂ֨א	נָשָׂא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 שָׁפַט֙	parataxis	it will lift up
24	ג֤וֹי	גּוֹי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	23 יִשָּׂ֨א	nsubj	nation
25	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	26 גּוֹי֙	case	against
26	גּוֹי֙	גּוֹי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	23 יִשָּׂ֨א	obl	nation
27	חֶ֔רֶב	חֶרֶב	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	23 יִשָּׂ֨א	obj	a sword
28	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	30 יִלְמְד֥וּ	cc	and
29	לֹא־	לֹא	ADV	_	30 יִלְמְד֥וּ	advmod	not
30	יִלְמְד֥וּ	לָמַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	23 יִשָּׂ֨א	conj	they will learn
31	ע֖וֹד	עוֹד	ADV	_	30 יִלְמְד֥וּ	advmod	again
32	מִלְחָמָֽה	מִלְחָמָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	30 יִלְמְד֥וּ	obj	warfare
33	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	32 מִלְחָמָֽה	punct
34	פ	פ	PUNCT	_	32 מִלְחָמָֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
שָׁפַט he will judge	weqatal · qal
הוֹכִיחַ he will decide	weqatal · hiphil
כִתְּתוּ they will beat	weqatal · piel	עַמִּים peoples	חַרְבוֹת swords
not יִשָּׂא it will lift up	yiqtol · qal	גוֹי nation	חֶרֶב a sword
not יִלְמְדוּ they will learn	yiqtol · qal	עַמִּים peoples	מִלְחָמָֽה warfare

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וְיָדִין בֵּין מִלְכְּוָתָא וְיוֹכַח לְעַמְמִין סַגִיאִין וִיעַפְפוּן סְיָפֵיהוֹן לְסִכִּין וּמוּרְנְיָתֵיהוֹן לְמַגָלִין לָא יִטוֹל עַם בְּאַפֵּי עַם זְיַן וְלָא יִתְאַלְפוּן עוֹד מִבְּכֵן קְרָבָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And He shall judge between the nations, and shall decide for many peoples; and they shall beat their swords into plowshares, and their spears into pruninghooks; nation shall not lift up sword against nation, neither shall they learn war any more.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:34.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.2.4/