Isaiah 21:2 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ

Who acts: treacherous dealer, spoiler, you, I, sighing · What happens: declare, deal, spoil, go up, besiege, make · To what, where: grievous vision, sighing

This is Isaiah 21:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — treacherous dealer, spoiler, you, I, sighing — and what happens in the verse to grievous vision, sighing, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

חָז֥וּת קָשָׁ֖ה הֻגַּד־לִ֑י הַבּוֹגֵ֤ד ׀ בּוֹגֵד֙ וְהַשּׁוֹדֵ֣ד ׀ שׁוֹדֵ֔ד עֲלִ֤י עֵילָם֙ צוּרִ֣י מָדַ֔י כָּל־אַנְחָתָ֖ה הִשְׁבַּֽתִּי׃

A grievous vision is declared unto me: 'The treacherous dealer dealeth treacherously, and the spoiler spoileth. Go up, O Elam! besiege, O Media! All the sighing thereof have I made to cease.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	חָז֥וּת	חָזוּת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	3 הֻגַּד־	nsubj	a vision
2	קָשָׁ֖ה	קָשֶׁה	ADJ	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	1 חָז֥וּת	amod	severe
3	הֻגַּד־	נָגַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HOPHAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it has been told
4	ל	לְ	ADP	_	5 ִ֑י	case	to
5	ִ֑י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	3 הֻגַּד־	obl	me
6	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	7 בּוֹגֵ֤ד	det	the [one
7	בּוֹגֵ֤ד	בָּגַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	9 בּוֹגֵד֙	nsubj	who] acts treacherously
8	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	7 בּוֹגֵ֤ד	punct
9	בּוֹגֵד֙	בָּגַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	3 הֻגַּד־	parataxis	[is] acting treacherously
10	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	14 שׁוֹדֵ֔ד	cc	and
11	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	12 שּׁוֹדֵ֣ד	det	the [one
12	שּׁוֹדֵ֣ד	שָׁדַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	14 שׁוֹדֵ֔ד	nsubj	who] destroys
13	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	12 שּׁוֹדֵ֣ד	punct
14	שׁוֹדֵ֔ד	שָׁדַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	3 הֻגַּד־	conj	[is] destroying
15	עֲלִ֤י	עָלָה	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	3 הֻגַּד־	parataxis	go up
16	עֵילָם֙	עֵילָם	PROPN	_	15 עֲלִ֤י	parataxis	O Elam
17	צוּרִ֣י	צוּר	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	3 הֻגַּד־	parataxis	lay siege
18	מָדַ֔י	מָדַי	PROPN	_	17 צוּרִ֣י	parataxis	O Media
19	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	22 הִשְׁבַּֽתִּי	obj	all
20	אַנְחָת	אֲנָחָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	19 כָּל־	compound:smixut	groaning
21	ָ֖ה	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 אַנְחָת	nmod:poss	its
22	הִשְׁבַּֽתִּי	שָׁבַת	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=1	3 הֻגַּד־	parataxis	I will cause to cease
23	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	22 הִשְׁבַּֽתִּי	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
הֻגַּד־ it has been told	qatal · hophal		חָזוּת a vision
בּוֹגֵד [is] acting treacherously	participle active · qal	בּוֹגֵד who] acts treacherously
שׁוֹדֵד [is] destroying	participle active · qal	שּׁוֹדֵד who] destroys
עֲלִי go up	imperative · qal	עֵילָם O Elam
צוּרִי lay siege	imperative · qal	מָדַי O Media
הִשְׁבַּֽתִּי I will cause to cease	qatal · hiphil	אַנְחָת groaning

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

אֲמַר נְבִיָא נְבוּאָה קָשְׁיָא אִתְחַוָאָה לִי אֲנִיסַיָא מִתְאַנְסִין וּבָזְזַיָא מִתְבַּזְזִין סַקוּ עֵילָמָאֵי תְקִיפוּ מְדָאֵי כָּל דַהֲווֹ מִתְאַנְחִין מִן קֳדָם מַלְכָּא דְבָבֶל אַנְחֵית לְהוֹן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:382.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.21.2/