Isaiah 22:3 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ
Who acts: rulers · What happens: flee, be, find, bind · To what, where: rulers, bow, all
This is Isaiah 22:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — rulers — and what happens in the verse to rulers, bow, all, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
כָּל־קְצִינַ֥יִךְ נָֽדְדוּ־יַ֖חַד מִקֶּ֣שֶׁת אֻסָּ֑רוּ כָּל־נִמְצָאַ֙יִךְ֙ אֻסְּר֣וּ יַחְדָּ֔ו מֵרָח֖וֹק בָּרָֽחוּ׃
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | כָּל־ | כֹּל | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 4 נָֽדְדוּ־ | nsubj | all |
| 2 | קְצִינַ֥י | קָצִין | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 1 כָּל־ | compound:smixut | rulers |
| 3 | ִךְ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs | 2 קְצִינַ֥י | nmod:poss | your |
| 4 | נָֽדְדוּ־ | נָדַד | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3 | root | root | they have fled |
| 5 | יַ֖חַד | יַחַד | ADV | _ | 4 נָֽדְדוּ־ | advmod | together |
| 6 | מִ | מִן | ADP | _ | 7 קֶּ֣שֶׁת | case | from |
| 7 | קֶּ֣שֶׁת | קֶשֶׁת | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 8 אֻסָּ֑רוּ | obl | a bow |
| 8 | אֻסָּ֑רוּ | אָסַר | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=PUAL Number=Plur Person=3 | 4 נָֽדְדוּ־ | parataxis | they have been captured |
| 9 | כָּל־ | כֹּל | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 12 אֻסְּר֣וּ | nsubj | all |
| 10 | נִמְצָאַ֙י | מָצָא | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Plur | 9 כָּל־ | compound:smixut | [those] found |
| 11 | ִךְ֙ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs | 10 נִמְצָאַ֙י | nmod:poss | in you |
| 12 | אֻסְּר֣וּ | אָסַר | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=PUAL Number=Plur Person=3 | 4 נָֽדְדוּ־ | parataxis | they were captured |
| 13 | יַחְדָּ֔ו | יָחְדָּו | ADV | _ | 12 אֻסְּר֣וּ | advmod | together |
| 14 | מֵ | מִן | ADP | _ | 15 רָח֖וֹק | case | from |
| 15 | רָח֖וֹק | רָחֹוק | ADJ | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 16 בָּרָֽחוּ | obl | a distance |
| 16 | בָּרָֽחוּ | בָּרַח | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3 | 4 נָֽדְדוּ־ | parataxis | they had fled |
| 17 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 16 בָּרָֽחוּ | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- speech
- inside a quote begun earlier
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| נָֽדְדוּ־ they have fled | qatal · qal | קְצִינַי rulers | |||
| אֻסָּרוּ they have been captured | qatal · pual | קְצִינַי rulers | |||
| אֻסְּרוּ they were captured | qatal · pual | נִמְצָאַי [those] found | |||
| בָּרָֽחוּ they had fled | qatal · qal | נִמְצָאַי [those] found |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Jonathan
כָּל שִׁלְטוֹנַיִךְ אִטַלְטַלוּ כַחֲדָא מִן קֳדָם מְתַח קַשְׁתָּא גְלוֹ כָּל דְאִשְׁתַּכַּח בִּיךְ אִיתְקְטְלוּ כַחֲדָא מֵרָחִיק עֲרַקוּ:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:400.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.22.3/