Isaiah 24:11 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ

Who acts: crying, mirth · What happens: be, darken · To what, where: joy

This is Isaiah 24:11 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — crying, mirth — and what happens in the verse to joy, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

צְוָחָ֥ה עַל־הַיַּ֖יִן בַּֽחוּצ֑וֹת עָֽרְבָה֙ כָּל־שִׂמְחָ֔ה גָּלָ֖ה מְשׂ֥וֹשׂ הָאָֽרֶץ׃

There is a crying in the streets amidst the wine; all joy is darkened, the mirth of the land is gone.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	צְוָחָ֥ה	צְוָחָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	4 יַּ֖יִן	nsubj	an outcry
2	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	4 יַּ֖יִן	case	on
3	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	4 יַּ֖יִן	det	(the)
4	יַּ֖יִן	יַיִן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	root	root	wine
5	בַּֽ	בְּ	ADP	_	7 חוּצ֑וֹת	case	[will
6	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	7 חוּצ֑וֹת	det	be]
7	חוּצ֑וֹת	חוּץ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	4 יַּ֖יִן	obl	in the streets
8	עָֽרְבָה֙	עָרַב	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	4 יַּ֖יִן	parataxis	it has become evening
9	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 עָֽרְבָה֙	nsubj	all
10	שִׂמְחָ֔ה	שִׂמְחָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	9 כָּל־	compound:smixut	gladness
11	גָּלָ֖ה	גָּלָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	4 יַּ֖יִן	parataxis	it has departed
12	מְשׂ֥וֹשׂ	מָשׂוֹשׂ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 גָּלָ֖ה	nsubj	the joy
13	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	14 אָֽרֶץ	det	of
14	אָֽרֶץ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 מְשׂ֥וֹשׂ	compound:smixut	the earth
15	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	14 אָֽרֶץ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
עָֽרְבָה it has become evening	qatal · qal	שִׂמְחָה gladness
גָּלָה it has departed	qatal · qal	מְשׂוֹשׂ the joy

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

מְצַוְחִין עַל חַמְרָא בְּשׁוּקַיָא שְׁלֵימַת כָּל חֶדְוָתָא גְלָא בִּיעַ מִן אַרְעָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

There is a crying in the streets amidst the wine; all joy is darkened, the mirth of the land is gone.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:451.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.24.11/