Isaiah 25:2 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ
Who acts: Thou · What happens: make, fortify, be, not build · To what, where: heap, city, castle
This is Isaiah 25:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Thou — and what happens in the verse to heap, city, castle, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
כִּ֣י שַׂ֤מְתָּ מֵעִיר֙ לַגָּ֔ל קִרְיָ֥ה בְצוּרָ֖ה לְמַפֵּלָ֑ה אַרְמ֤וֹן זָרִים֙ מֵעִ֔יר לְעוֹלָ֖ם לֹ֥א יִבָּנֶֽה׃
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | כִּ֣י | כִּי | SCONJ | _ | 2 שַׂ֤מְתָּ | mark | (dm) |
| 2 | שַׂ֤מְתָּ | שׂים | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2 | root | root | you have made |
| 3 | מֵ | מִן | ADP | _ | 4 עִיר֙ | case | from |
| 4 | עִיר֙ | עִיר | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 2 שַׂ֤מְתָּ | obl | a city |
| 5 | לַ | לְ | ADP | _ | 7 גָּ֔ל | case | into |
| 6 | ה | הַ | DET | PronType=Art | 7 גָּ֔ל | det | (the) |
| 7 | גָּ֔ל | גַּל | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 2 שַׂ֤מְתָּ | obl | heap |
| 8 | קִרְיָ֥ה | קִרְיָה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 2 שַׂ֤מְתָּ | parataxis | a town |
| 9 | בְצוּרָ֖ה | בָּצוּר | ADJ | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 8 קִרְיָ֥ה | amod | fortified |
| 10 | לְ | לְ | ADP | _ | 11 מַפֵּלָ֑ה | case | into |
| 11 | מַפֵּלָ֑ה | מַפֵּלָה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 8 קִרְיָ֥ה | obl | a ruin |
| 12 | אַרְמ֤וֹן | אַרְמוֹן | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 15 עִ֔יר | nsubj | a fortress |
| 13 | זָרִים֙ | זָר | ADJ | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 12 אַרְמ֤וֹן | compound:smixut | of strangers |
| 14 | מֵ | מִן | ADP | _ | 15 עִ֔יר | case | from |
| 15 | עִ֔יר | עִיר | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 2 שַׂ֤מְתָּ | parataxis | a city |
| 16 | לְ | לְ | ADP | _ | 17 עוֹלָ֖ם | case | forever |
| 17 | עוֹלָ֖ם | עוֹלָם | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 19 יִבָּנֶֽה | obl | of perpetuity |
| 18 | לֹ֥א | לֹא | ADV | _ | 19 יִבָּנֶֽה | advmod | not |
| 19 | יִבָּנֶֽה | בָּנָה | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 2 שַׂ֤מְתָּ | parataxis | it will be rebuilt |
| 20 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 19 יִבָּנֶֽה | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- speech
- inside a quote begun earlier
- negation
- yes
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| שַׂמְתָּ you have made | qatal · qal | ||||
| not יִבָּנֶֽה it will be rebuilt | yiqtol · niphal | אַרְמוֹן a fortress |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Jonathan
אֲרֵי שַׁוִיתָא קִרְוֵי פַצְחִין לְגַלִין כְּרַךְ תַּקִיף לְדִמְחַמְרָא בֵּית דַחֲלַת עַמְמַיָא בְּקַרְתָּא יְרוּשְׁלֵם לַעֲלָם לָא יִתְבְּנֵי:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:465.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.25.2/