Isaiah 28:1 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ

Who acts: fading flower · What happens: be, smite down, crown, pride · To what, where: head, fat valley, pride, drunkards

This is Isaiah 28:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — fading flower — and what happens in the verse to head, fat valley, pride, drunkards, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

ה֗וֹי עֲטֶ֤רֶת גֵּאוּת֙ שִׁכֹּרֵ֣י אֶפְרַ֔יִם וְצִ֥יץ נֹבֵ֖ל צְבִ֣י תִפְאַרְתּ֑וֹ אֲשֶׁ֛ר עַל־רֹ֥אשׁ גֵּֽיא־שְׁמָנִ֖ים הֲל֥וּמֵי יָֽיִן׃

Woe to the crown of pride of the drunkards of Ephraim, and to the fading flower of his glorious beauty, which is on the head of the fat valley of them that are smitten down with wine!

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	ה֗וֹי	הוֹי	INTJ	_	root	root	woe to!
2	עֲטֶ֤רֶת	עֲטֶרֶת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	1 ה֗וֹי	parataxis	the crown
3	גֵּאוּת֙	גֵּאוּת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	2 עֲטֶ֤רֶת	compound:smixut	of (the) pride
4	שִׁכֹּרֵ֣י	שִׁכֹּור	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	3 גֵּאוּת֙	compound:smixut	of the drunkards
5	אֶפְרַ֔יִם	אֶפְרַיִם	PROPN	_	4 שִׁכֹּרֵ֣י	compound:smixut	of Ephraim
6	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	7 צִ֥יץ	cc	and [the]
7	צִ֥יץ	צִיץ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 עֲטֶ֤רֶת	conj	blossom
8	נֹבֵ֖ל	נָבֵל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	7 צִ֥יץ	nmod	[which] withers
9	צְבִ֣י	צְבִי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	7 צִ֥יץ	appos	the beauty
10	תִפְאַרְתּ	תִּפְאֶרֶת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	9 צְבִ֣י	compound:smixut	its splendor
11	֑וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 תִפְאַרְתּ	nmod:poss	his
12	אֲשֶׁ֛ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	14 רֹ֥אשׁ	mark	which
13	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	14 רֹ֥אשׁ	case	[is] on
14	רֹ֥אשׁ	רֹאשׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	7 צִ֥יץ	acl:relcl	[the] head
15	גֵּֽיא־	גַּיְא	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 רֹ֥אשׁ	compound:smixut	of a valley
16	שְׁמָנִ֖ים	שֶׁמֶן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	15 גֵּֽיא־	compound:smixut	of fatness(es)
17	הֲל֥וּמֵי	הָלַם	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	4 שִׁכֹּרֵ֣י	appos	[those] struck down
18	יָֽיִן	יַיִן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	17 הֲל֥וּמֵי	compound:smixut	of wine
19	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	18 יָֽיִן	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
נֹבֵל [which] withers	participle active · qal	צִיץ blossom

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַי דִי יָהֵיב כִּתְרָא לְגֵיוְתָנָא טִפְשָׁא רַבָּא דְיִשְׂרָאֵל וְיָהֵב מִצְנַפְתָּא לְרַשִׁיעַיָא דְבֵית מַקְדְשָׁא תּוּשְׁבַּחְתֵּהּ דִי עַל רֵישׁ חֵילָא שְׁמֵינָא כְּתִישֵׁי חֲמָר:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Woe to the crown of pride of the drunkards of Ephraim, and to the fading flower of his glorious beauty, which is on the head of the fat valley of them that are smitten down with wine!

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:510.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.28.1/