Isaiah 28:13 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ

Who acts: word, rest · What happens: be, go, fall, break, snare, take · To what, where: precept, LORD

This is Isaiah 28:13 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — word, rest — and what happens in the verse to precept, LORD, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְהָיָ֨ה לָהֶ֜ם דְּבַר־יְהוָ֗ה צַ֣ו לָצָ֞ו צַ֤ו לָצָו֙ קַ֤ו לָקָו֙ קַ֣ו לָקָ֔ו זְעֵ֥יר שָׁ֖ם זְעֵ֣יר שָׁ֑ם לְמַ֨עַן יֵלְכ֜וּ וְכָשְׁל֤וּ אָחוֹר֙ וְנִשְׁבָּ֔רוּ וְנוֹקְשׁ֖וּ וְנִלְכָּֽדוּ׃פ

And so the word of the LORD is unto them precept by precept, precept by precept, line by line, line by line; here a little, there a little; that they may go, and fall backward, and be broken, and snared, and taken.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

Pragmatics

form

statement

act

assert

voice

character

speech

inside a quote begun earlier

negation

no

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

דֵין יְהֵי כָס פּוּרְעֲנוּתְהוֹן עַל דַעֲבָרוּ עַל פִּתְגָמָא דַייָ וְעַל דְאִתְפַּקָדוּ לְמֶעְבַּד אוֹרַיְתָא וּמָא דְאִתְפַּקַדוּ לָא צְבִיאוּ לְמֶעְבַּד בְּכֵן יִתְמַסְרוּן לְעַמְמַיָא דְלָא יְדָעוּ אוֹרַיְתָא עַל דְהַלִיכוּ בִרְעוּת נַפְשְׁהוֹן וְלָא חֲמִידוּ לְמֶעְבַּד רְעוּתִי בְּכֵן יְסַבְּרוּן לְסָעִיד בְּעִדָן דְאַיְתִי עֲלֵיהוֹן עָקָא וְלָא יְהֵי לְהוֹן סָעִיד וְסָמִיךְ עַל דַהֲוָה זְעֵיר בְּעֵינֵיהוֹן בֵּית מַקְדָשִׁי לְמִפְלָח תַּמָן בְכֵן יִשְׁתָּאֲרוּן כִּזְעֵיר בֵּינֵי עַמְמַיָא דְיִגְלוֹן לְתַמָן בְּדִיל דִיהָכוּן וְיִתְקְלוּן לַאֲחוֹרָא וְיִתַּבְּרוּן וְיִתַּצְדוּן וְיִתְאַחֲדוּן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

1. And so the word of the LORD is unto them precept by precept, precept by precept, line by line, line by line; here a little, there a little; that they may go, and fall backward, and be broken, and snared, and taken.

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