Isaiah 32:14 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ
Who acts: mound, city · What happens: forsake, desert, be, stir, joy · To what, where: palace, city, wild asses
This is Isaiah 32:14 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — mound, city — and what happens in the verse to palace, city, wild asses, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
כִּֽי־אַרְמ֣וֹן נֻטָּ֔שׁ הֲמ֥וֹן עִ֖יר עֻזָּ֑ב עֹ֣פֶל וָבַ֜חַן הָיָ֨ה בְעַ֤ד מְעָרוֹת֙ עַד־עוֹלָ֔ם מְשׂ֥וֹשׂ פְּרָאִ֖ים מִרְעֵ֥ה עֲדָרִֽים׃
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | כִּֽי־ | כִּי | SCONJ | _ | 3 נֻטָּ֔שׁ | mark | (dm) |
| 2 | אַרְמ֣וֹן | אַרְמוֹן | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 3 נֻטָּ֔שׁ | nsubj | [the] palace |
| 3 | נֻטָּ֔שׁ | נָטַשׁ | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PUAL Number=Sing Person=3 | root | root | it will be forsaken |
| 4 | הֲמ֥וֹן | הָמוֹן | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 6 עֻזָּ֑ב | nsubj | [the] tumult |
| 5 | עִ֖יר | עִיר | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 4 הֲמ֥וֹן | compound:smixut | of [the] city |
| 6 | עֻזָּ֑ב | עָזַב | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PUAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 3 נֻטָּ֔שׁ | parataxis | it will be abandoned |
| 7 | עֹ֣פֶל | עֹפֶל | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 15 מְשׂ֥וֹשׂ | nsubj | [the] hill |
| 8 | וָ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 9 בַ֜חַן | cc | and [the] |
| 9 | בַ֜חַן | בַּחַן | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 7 עֹ֣פֶל | conj | watchtower |
| 10 | הָיָ֨ה | הָיָה | AUX | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 15 מְשׂ֥וֹשׂ | cop | it will become |
| 11 | בְעַ֤ד | בַּעַד | ADP | _ | 12 מְעָרוֹת֙ | case | behind |
| 12 | מְעָרוֹת֙ | מְעָרָה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Plur | 15 מְשׂ֥וֹשׂ | obl | caves |
| 13 | עַד־ | עַד | ADP | _ | 14 עוֹלָ֔ם | case | until |
| 14 | עוֹלָ֔ם | עוֹלָם | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 15 מְשׂ֥וֹשׂ | obl | perpetuity |
| 15 | מְשׂ֥וֹשׂ | מָשׂוֹשׂ | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 3 נֻטָּ֔שׁ | parataxis | a joy |
| 16 | פְּרָאִ֖ים | פֶּרֶא | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 15 מְשׂ֥וֹשׂ | compound:smixut | of wild donkeys |
| 17 | מִרְעֵ֥ה | מִרְעֶה | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 15 מְשׂ֥וֹשׂ | conj | a pasture |
| 18 | עֲדָרִֽים | עֵדֶר | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 17 מִרְעֵ֥ה | compound:smixut | of flocks |
| 19 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 18 עֲדָרִֽים | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- speech
- narration
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| נֻטָּשׁ it will be forsaken | qatal · pual | אַרְמוֹן [the] palace | |||
| עֻזָּב it will be abandoned | qatal · pual | הֲמוֹן [the] tumult | |||
| הָיָה it will become | qatal · qal | עֹפֶל [the] hill + בַחַן watchtower |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Jonathan
אֲרֵי בֵּית מַקְדְשָׁא חֲרוֹב הֲמוֹן קִרְוַיָא דַהֲוָאָה פַלְחִין בֵּיהּ צְרִיאָה בֵּית תָּקְפָנָא וּמַטְמוֹרָנָא אִתְבְּלֵשׁ וּכְרִי חֲרוֹב וּצְדִי עַד זְמַן אֲתַר דַהֲוָה בֵית חֶדְוָא וְחֵידוּ לְמַלְכַיָא כְדוֹ הֲוָה מִבַז לְמַשִׁרְיָן:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:618.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.32.14/