Isaiah 34:10 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ

Who acts: smoke, land, none · What happens: not quench, go up, lie, pass · To what, where: land, waste, generation

This is Isaiah 34:10 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — smoke, land, none — and what happens in the verse to land, waste, generation, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

לַ֤יְלָה וְיוֹמָם֙ לֹ֣א תִכְבֶּ֔ה לְעוֹלָ֖ם יַעֲלֶ֣ה עֲשָׁנָ֑הּ מִדּ֤וֹר לָדוֹר֙ תֶּחֱרָ֔ב לְנֵ֣צַח נְצָחִ֔ים אֵ֥ין עֹבֵ֖ר בָּֽהּ׃

It shall not be quenched night nor day, the smoke thereof shall go up for ever; from generation to generation it shall lie waste: none shall pass through it for ever and ever.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	לַ֤יְלָה	לַיְלָה	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	5 תִכְבֶּ֔ה	advmod	night
2	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	3 יוֹמָם֙	cc	and
3	יוֹמָם֙	יוֹמָם	ADV	_	1 לַ֤יְלָה	advmod	by day
4	לֹ֣א	לֹא	ADV	_	5 תִכְבֶּ֔ה	advmod	not
5	תִכְבֶּ֔ה	כָּבָה	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it will be extinguished
6	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	7 עוֹלָ֖ם	case	forever
7	עוֹלָ֖ם	עוֹלָם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 יַעֲלֶ֣ה	obl	of perpetuity
8	יַעֲלֶ֣ה	עָלָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	5 תִכְבֶּ֔ה	parataxis	it will go up
9	עֲשָׁנ	עָשָׁן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 יַעֲלֶ֣ה	nsubj	smoke
10	ָ֑הּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 עֲשָׁנ	nmod:poss	its
11	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	12 דּ֤וֹר	case	from
12	דּ֤וֹר	דּוֹר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	15 תֶּחֱרָ֔ב	obl	generation
13	לָ	לְ	ADP	_	14 דוֹר֙	case	to
14	דוֹר֙	דּוֹר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	12 דּ֤וֹר	conj	generation
15	תֶּחֱרָ֔ב	חָרֵב	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	5 תִכְבֶּ֔ה	parataxis	it will be desolate
16	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	17 נֵ֣צַח	case	to
17	נֵ֣צַח	נֵצַח	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	19 אֵ֥ין	obl	perpetuity
18	נְצָחִ֔ים	נֵצַח	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	17 נֵ֣צַח	compound:smixut	of perpetuities
19	אֵ֥ין	אַיִן	ADV	_	5 תִכְבֶּ֔ה	parataxis	there [will] not [be]
20	עֹבֵ֖ר	עָבַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	19 אֵ֥ין	nsubj	[one who] passes
21	בּ	בְּ	ADP	_	22 ָֽהּ	case	in
22	ָֽהּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 אֵ֥ין	obl	it
23	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	22 ָֽהּ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
not תִכְבֶּה it will be extinguished	yiqtol · qal
יַעֲלֶה it will go up	yiqtol · qal	עֲשָׁנ smoke
תֶּחֱרָב it will be desolate	yiqtol · qal

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

לֵילֵי וִימָם לָא תִטְפֵי לַעֲלָם יִסַק תְּנָנָהּ מִדָר לְדָר תֶּחֱרוֹב לַעֲלָם עַלְמַיָא לֵית דִי עָדֵי בָּהּ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

It shall not be quenched night nor day, the smoke thereof shall go up for ever; from generation to generation it shall lie waste: none shall pass through it for ever and ever.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:658.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.34.10/