Isaiah 34:13 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ

Who acts: thorns, land · What happens: come up, be · To what, where: palaces, habitation

This is Isaiah 34:13 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — thorns, land — and what happens in the verse to palaces, habitation, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְעָלְתָ֤ה אַרְמְנֹתֶ֙יהָ֙ סִירִ֔ים קִמּ֥וֹשׂ וָח֖וֹחַ בְּמִבְצָרֶ֑יהָ וְהָיְתָה֙ נְוֵ֣ה תַנִּ֔ים חָצִ֖יר לִבְנ֥וֹת יַעֲנָֽה׃

And thorns shall come up in her palaces, nettles and thistles in the fortresses thereof; and it shall be a habitation of wild-dogs, an enclosure for ostriches.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 עָלְתָ֤ה	cc	and
2	עָלְתָ֤ה	עָלָה	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it will grow up
3	אַרְמְנֹתֶ֙י	אַרְמוֹן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 עָלְתָ֤ה	obl	fortresses
4	הָ֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 אַרְמְנֹתֶ֙י	nmod:poss	its
5	סִירִ֔ים	סִירָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	2 עָלְתָ֤ה	nsubj	thorns
6	קִמּ֥וֹשׂ	קִמּוֹשׂ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 עָלְתָ֤ה	parataxis	nettle[s]
7	וָ	וְ	CCONJ	_	8 ח֖וֹחַ	cc	and
8	ח֖וֹחַ	חוֹחַ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 קִמּ֥וֹשׂ	conj	thornbush[es]
9	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	10 מִבְצָרֶ֑י	case	[will
10	מִבְצָרֶ֑י	מִבְצָר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	6 קִמּ֥וֹשׂ	obl	be]
11	הָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 מִבְצָרֶ֑י	nmod:poss	on its fortifications
12	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	14 נְוֵ֣ה	cc	and
13	הָיְתָה֙	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	14 נְוֵ֣ה	cop	it will be
14	נְוֵ֣ה	נָוֶה	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 עָלְתָ֤ה	conj	a habitation
15	תַנִּ֔ים	תַּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	14 נְוֵ֣ה	compound:smixut	of jackals
16	חָצִ֖יר	חָצִיר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	14 נְוֵ֣ה	parataxis	grass
17	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	18 בְנ֥וֹת	case	for
18	בְנ֥וֹת	בַּת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	16 חָצִ֖יר	obl	daughters
19	יַעֲנָֽה	יַעֲנָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	18 בְנ֥וֹת	compound:smixut	of an ostrich
20	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	19 יַעֲנָֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
עָלְתָה it will grow up	weqatal · qal	סִירִים thorns
הָיְתָה it will be	weqatal · qal

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וְיִסְקוֹן בִּרְנְיָתָהָא סִירִין קַרְסוּלִין וְחוֹחִין בִּתְקוֹף כְּרַכָּהָא וּתְהֵי מְדוֹר יְרוֹדִין אַתְרָא לְבַת נַעֲמָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And thorns shall come up in her palaces, nettles and thistles in the fortresses thereof; and it shall be a habitation of wild-dogs, an enclosure for ostriches.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:661.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.34.13/