Isaiah 34:7 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ

Who acts: wild oxen, land · What happens: come down, be, make · To what, where: dust

This is Isaiah 34:7 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — wild oxen, land — and what happens in the verse to dust, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְיָרְד֤וּ רְאֵמִים֙ עִמָּ֔ם וּפָרִ֖ים עִם־אַבִּירִ֑ים וְרִוְּתָ֤ה אַרְצָם֙ מִדָּ֔ם וַעֲפָרָ֖ם מֵחֵ֥לֶב יְדֻשָּֽׁן׃

And the wild-oxen shall come down with them, and the bullocks with the bulls; and their land shall be drunken with blood, and their dust made fat with fatness.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יָרְד֤וּ	cc	and
2	יָרְד֤וּ	יָרַד	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they will go down
3	רְאֵמִים֙	רְאֵם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 יָרְד֤וּ	nsubj	wild oxen
4	עִמּ	עִם	ADP	_	5 ָ֔ם	case	with
5	ָ֔ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 יָרְד֤וּ	obl	them
6	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	7 פָרִ֖ים	cc	and
7	פָרִ֖ים	פַּר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 יָרְד֤וּ	conj	young bulls
8	עִם־	עִם	ADP	_	9 אַבִּירִ֑ים	case	with
9	אַבִּירִ֑ים	אַבִּיר	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	7 פָרִ֖ים	obl	mighty [bulls]
10	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 רִוְּתָ֤ה	cc	and
11	רִוְּתָ֤ה	רָוָה	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יָרְד֤וּ	conj	it will drink its fill
12	אַרְצ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 רִוְּתָ֤ה	nsubj	land
13	ָם֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 אַרְצ	nmod:poss	their
14	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	15 דָּ֔ם	case	from
15	דָּ֔ם	דָּם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 רִוְּתָ֤ה	obl	blood
16	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	21 יְדֻשָּֽׁן	cc	and
17	עֲפָר	עָפָר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	21 יְדֻשָּֽׁן	nsubj	dust
18	ָ֖ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 עֲפָר	nmod:poss	their
19	מֵ	מִן	ADP	_	20 חֵ֥לֶב	case	from
20	חֵ֥לֶב	חֵלֶב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	21 יְדֻשָּֽׁן	obl	fat
21	יְדֻשָּֽׁן	דָּשֵׁן	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PUAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יָרְד֤וּ	conj	it will be fattened
22	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	21 יְדֻשָּֽׁן	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יָרְדוּ they will go down	weqatal · qal	רְאֵמִים wild oxen
רִוְּתָה it will drink its fill	weqatal · piel	אַרְצ land
יְדֻשָּֽׁן it will be fattened	yiqtol · pual		עֲפָר dust

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וְיִתְקַטְלוּן גִבָּרִין דְאַרְעָא חֲדָא עִמְהוֹן וְשִׁילְטוֹנִין עִם טוֹרְנִין וְתִרְוֵי אַרְעֲהוֹן מִדִמְהוֹן וְעַפְרְהוֹן מִתַּרְבְּהוֹן יִדְהָן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And the wild-oxen shall come down with them, and the bullocks with the bulls; and their land shall be drunken with blood, and their dust made fat with fatness.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:655.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.34.7/