Isaiah 37:9 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ

Who acts: king · What happens: hear, say, come out, fight, send · To what, where: rumour, messengers, Hezekiah · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Isaiah 37:9 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — king — and what happens in the verse to rumour, messengers, Hezekiah, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיִּשְׁמַ֗ע עַל־תִּרְהָ֤קָה מֶֽלֶךְ־כּוּשׁ֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר יָצָ֖א לְהִלָּחֵ֣ם אִתָּ֑ךְ וַיִּשְׁמַע֙ וַיִּשְׁלַ֣ח מַלְאָכִ֔ים אֶל־חִזְקִיָּ֖הוּ לֵאמֹֽר׃

And he heard say concerning Tirhakah king of Ethiopia: 'He is come out to fight against thee.' And when he heard it, he sent messengers to Hezekiah, saying:

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יִּשְׁמַ֗ע	cc	and
2	יִּשְׁמַ֗ע	שָׁמַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he heard
3	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	4 תִּרְהָ֤קָה	case	on
4	תִּרְהָ֤קָה	תִּרְהָקָה	PROPN	_	2 יִּשְׁמַ֗ע	obl	Tirhakah
5	מֶֽלֶךְ־	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 תִּרְהָ֤קָה	appos	the king
6	כּוּשׁ֙	כּוּשׁ	PROPN	_	5 מֶֽלֶךְ־	compound:smixut	of Cush
7	לֵ	לְ	ADP	ExtPos=SCONJ	9 יָצָ֖א	mark	(cmp)
8	אמֹ֔ר	אָמַר	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	7 לֵ	fixed
9	יָצָ֖א	יָצָא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יִּשְׁמַ֗ע	advcl	he has come out
10	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	11 הִלָּחֵ֣ם	case	to
11	הִלָּחֵ֣ם	לָחַם	VERB	HebBinyan=NIPHAL	9 יָצָ֖א	advcl	do battle
12	אִתּ	אֵת	ADP	_	13 ָ֑ךְ	case	with
13	ָ֑ךְ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	11 הִלָּחֵ֣ם	obl	you
14	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	15 יִּשְׁמַע֙	cc	and
15	יִּשְׁמַע֙	שָׁמַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יִּשְׁמַ֗ע	conj	he heard
16	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	17 יִּשְׁלַ֣ח	cc	and
17	יִּשְׁלַ֣ח	שָׁלַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יִּשְׁמַ֗ע	conj	he sent
18	מַלְאָכִ֔ים	מַלְאָךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	17 יִּשְׁלַ֣ח	obj	messengers
19	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	20 חִזְקִיָּ֖הוּ	case	to
20	חִזְקִיָּ֖הוּ	חִזְקִיָּהוּ	PROPN	_	17 יִּשְׁלַ֣ח	obl	Hezekiah
21	לֵ	לְ	ADP	ExtPos=SCONJ	17 יִּשְׁלַ֣ח	ccomp	(cmp)
22	אמֹֽר	אָמַר	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	21 לֵ	fixed
23	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	21 לֵ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יִּשְׁמַע he heard	wayyiqtol · qal
אמֹר	infinitive construct · qal
יָצָא he has come out	qatal · qal	תִּרְהָקָה Tirhakah
הִלָּחֵם do battle	infinitive construct · niphal	תִּרְהָקָה Tirhakah
יִּשְׁמַע he heard	wayyiqtol · qal
יִּשְׁלַח he sent	wayyiqtol · qal		מַלְאָכִים messengers
אמֹֽר	infinitive construct · qal

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וּשְׁמַע עַל תִּרְהָקָה מַלְכָּא דְכוּשׁ לְמֵימָר נְפַק לְאַגָחָא קְרָבָא עִמָךְ וּשְׁמָע וּשְׁלַח אִזְגַדִין לְוַת חִזְקִיָה לְמֵימָר:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And he heard say concerning Tirhakah king of Ethiopia: 'He is come out to fight against thee.' And when he heard it, he sent messengers to Hezekiah, saying:

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:706.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.37.9/