Isaiah 40:14 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ

Who acts: God · What happens: take, instruct, teach, make, know · To what, where: counsel, God, path, knowledge, way

This is Isaiah 40:14 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — God — and what happens in the verse to counsel, God, path, knowledge, way, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

אֶת־מִ֤י נוֹעָץ֙ וַיְבִינֵ֔הוּ וַֽיְלַמְּדֵ֖הוּ בְּאֹ֣רַח מִשְׁפָּ֑ט וַיְלַמְּדֵ֣הוּ דַ֔עַת וְדֶ֥רֶךְ תְּבוּנ֖וֹת יוֹדִיעֶֽנּוּ׃

With whom took He counsel, and who instructed Him, and taught Him in the path of right, and taught Him knowledge, and made Him to know the way of discernment?

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	2 מִ֤י	case	with
2	מִ֤י	מִי	PRON	PronType=Int	3 נוֹעָץ֙	obl	whom?
3	נוֹעָץ֙	יָעַץ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	did he take counsel
4	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	5 יְבִינ	cc	and
5	יְבִינ	בִּין	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	3 נוֹעָץ֙	conj	did
6	ֵ֔הוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 יְבִינ	obj	he give him understanding?
7	וַֽ	וְ	CCONJ	_	8 יְלַמְּד	cc	and
8	יְלַמְּד	לָמַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3	3 נוֹעָץ֙	conj	did
9	ֵ֖הוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 יְלַמְּד	obj	he teach him?
10	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	11 אֹ֣רַח	case	(in) [the]
11	אֹ֣רַח	אֹרַח	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 יְלַמְּד	obl	path
12	מִשְׁפָּ֑ט	מִשְׁפָּט	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 אֹ֣רַח	compound:smixut	of justice
13	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	14 יְלַמְּד	cc	and
14	יְלַמְּד	לָמַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3	3 נוֹעָץ֙	conj	did
15	ֵ֣הוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 יְלַמְּד	obj	he teach him?
16	דַ֔עַת	דַּעַת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	14 יְלַמְּד	xcomp	knowledge
17	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	20 יוֹדִיע	cc	and [the]
18	דֶ֥רֶךְ	דֶּרֶךְ	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 יוֹדִיע	xcomp	way
19	תְּבוּנ֖וֹת	תְּבוּנָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	18 דֶ֥רֶךְ	compound:smixut	of understanding(s)
20	יוֹדִיע	יָדַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	3 נוֹעָץ֙	conj	will
21	ֶֽנּוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 יוֹדִיע	obj	he inform him?
22	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	21 ֶֽנּוּ	punct

Pragmatics

form: wh-question
act: ask
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
נוֹעָץ did he take counsel	qatal · niphal
יְבִינ did	wayyiqtol · hiphil	ֵהוּ he give him understanding?			מִי whom?
יְלַמְּד did	wayyiqtol · piel	מִי whom?	ֵהוּ he teach him?
יְלַמְּד did	wayyiqtol · piel	מִי whom?	דַעַת knowledge	ֵהוּ he teach him?
יוֹדִיע will	yiqtol · hiphil	ֶֽנּוּ he inform him?	דֶרֶךְ way		מִי whom?

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

לְהוֹן דִבְעוֹן מִן קֳדָמוֹהִי אֲסַבַּר חוּכְמָא וְאַלְפִינוּן אוֹרַח דְדִין וִיהַב לִבְנֵיהוֹן אוֹרַיְתָא וְאוֹרַח דְסוּכְלְתָנוּ לִבְנֵי בְנֵיהוֹן הוֹדְעִינוּן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

With whom took He counsel, and who instructed Him, and taught Him in the path of right, and taught Him knowledge, and made Him to know the way of discernment?

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:779.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.40.14/