Isaiah 40:2 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ

Who acts: you, Jerusalem · What happens: bid, take, proclaim, accomplish, pay off, receive · To what, where: heart, time, guilt, double

This is Isaiah 40:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you, Jerusalem — and what happens in the verse to heart, time, guilt, double, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

דַּבְּר֞וּ עַל־לֵ֤ב יְרֽוּשָׁלִַ֙ם֙ וְקִרְא֣וּ אֵלֶ֔יהָ כִּ֤י מָֽלְאָה֙ צְבָאָ֔הּ כִּ֥י נִרְצָ֖ה עֲוֺנָ֑הּ כִּ֤י לָקְחָה֙ מִיַּ֣ד יְהוָ֔ה כִּפְלַ֖יִם בְּכָל־חַטֹּאתֶֽיהָ׃ס

Bid Jerusalem take heart, and proclaim unto her, that her time of service is accomplished, that her guilt is paid off; that she hath received of the LORD'S hand double for all her sins.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	דַּבְּר֞וּ	דָבַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur Person=2	root	root	speak
2	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	3 לֵ֤ב	case	to
3	לֵ֤ב	לֵב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	1 דַּבְּר֞וּ	obl	the heart
4	יְרֽוּשָׁלִַ֙ם֙	יְרוּשָׁלִַ͏ם	PROPN	_	3 לֵ֤ב	compound:smixut	of Jerusalem
5	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	6 קִרְא֣וּ	cc	and
6	קִרְא֣וּ	קָרָא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	1 דַּבְּר֞וּ	conj	proclaim
7	אֵלֶ֔י	אֶל	ADP	_	8 הָ	case	to
8	הָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 קִרְא֣וּ	obl	it
9	כִּ֤י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	10 מָֽלְאָה֙	mark	(dm) that
10	מָֽלְאָה֙	מָלֵא	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	6 קִרְא֣וּ	ccomp	it has been completed
11	צְבָא	צָבָא	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 מָֽלְאָה֙	nsubj	service
12	ָ֔הּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 צְבָא	nmod:poss	its
13	כִּ֥י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	14 נִרְצָ֖ה	mark	(dm) that
14	נִרְצָ֖ה	רָצָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=3	10 מָֽלְאָה֙	parataxis	it has been accepted
15	עֲוֺנ	עָוֺן	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 נִרְצָ֖ה	nsubj	iniquity
16	ָ֑הּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 עֲוֺנ	nmod:poss	its
17	כִּ֤י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	18 לָקְחָה֙	mark	(dm) that
18	לָקְחָה֙	לָקַח	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	10 מָֽלְאָה֙	parataxis	it has received
19	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	20 יַּ֣ד	case	from
20	יַּ֣ד	יָד	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 לָקְחָה֙	obl	the hand
21	יְהוָ֔ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	20 יַּ֣ד	compound:smixut	of Yahweh
22	כִּפְלַ֖יִם	כֶּפֶל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Dual	18 לָקְחָה֙	obj	double
23	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	24 כָל־	case	for
24	כָל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	18 לָקְחָה֙	obl	all
25	חַטֹּאתֶֽי	חַטָּאת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	24 כָל־	compound:smixut	sins
26	הָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	25 חַטֹּאתֶֽי	nmod:poss	its
27	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	26 הָ	punct
28	ס	ס	PUNCT	_	26 הָ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · assert · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
דַּבְּרוּ speak	imperative · piel
קִרְאוּ proclaim	imperative · qal		מָֽלְאָה it has been completed + נִרְצָה it has been accepted + לָקְחָה it has received
מָֽלְאָה it has been completed	qatal · qal	צְבָא service
נִרְצָה it has been accepted	qatal · niphal		עֲוֺנ iniquity
לָקְחָה it has received	qatal · qal	יְרֽוּשָׁלִַם of Jerusalem	כִּפְלַיִם double

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

מַלִילוּ עַל לִבָּא דִירוּשְׁלֵם וְאִתְנַבּוּ עֲלָהּ אֲרֵי עֲתִידָא דְתִתְמְלֵי מֵעַם גַלְוָתָהָא אֲרֵי אִישְׁתְּבִיקוּ לָהּ חוֹבָהָא אֲרֵי קַבִּילַת כָּס תַּנְחוּמִין מִן קֳדָם יְיָ כְּאִלוּ לָקַת עַל חַד תְּרֵין בְּכָל חַטָאתָהָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Bid Jerusalem take heart, and proclaim unto her, that her time of service is accomplished, that her guilt is paid off; that she hath received of the LORD'S hand double for all her sins.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:767.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.40.2/