Isaiah 41:16 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ
Who acts: Thou, wind, whirlwind · What happens: fan, carry away, scatter, rejoice, glory · To what, where: hills
This is Isaiah 41:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Thou, wind, whirlwind — and what happens in the verse to hills, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
תִּזְרֵם֙ וְר֣וּחַ תִּשָּׂאֵ֔ם וּסְעָרָ֖ה תָּפִ֣יץ אוֹתָ֑ם וְאַתָּה֙ תָּגִ֣יל בַּֽיהוָ֔ה בִּקְד֥וֹשׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל תִּתְהַלָּֽל׃פ
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | תִּזְר | זָרָה | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2 | root | root | you |
| 2 | ֵם֙ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 1 תִּזְר | obj | will winnow them |
| 3 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 5 תִּשָּׂא | cc | and |
| 4 | ר֣וּחַ | רוּחַ | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 תִּשָּׂא | nsubj | a wind |
| 5 | תִּשָּׂא | נָשָׂא | VERB | Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 1 תִּזְר | conj | it |
| 6 | ֵ֔ם | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 תִּשָּׂא | obj | will carry them away |
| 7 | וּ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 9 תָּפִ֣יץ | cc | and |
| 8 | סְעָרָ֖ה | סְעָרָה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 9 תָּפִ֣יץ | nsubj | a tempest |
| 9 | תָּפִ֣יץ | פּוּץ | VERB | Gender=Fem HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3 | 1 תִּזְר | conj | it will scatter |
| 10 | אוֹת | אֵת | ADP | _ | 11 ָ֑ם | case | |
| 11 | ָ֑ם | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 תָּפִ֣יץ | obj | them |
| 12 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 14 תָּגִ֣יל | cc | and |
| 13 | אַתָּה֙ | אַתָּה | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs | 14 תָּגִ֣יל | nsubj | you |
| 14 | תָּגִ֣יל | גִּיל | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2 | 1 תִּזְר | conj | you will be glad |
| 15 | בַּֽ | בְּ | ADP | _ | 16 יהוָ֔ה | case | in |
| 16 | יהוָ֔ה | יהוה | PROPN | _ | 14 תָּגִ֣יל | obl | Yahweh |
| 17 | בִּ | בְּ | ADP | _ | 18 קְד֥וֹשׁ | case | in |
| 18 | קְד֥וֹשׁ | קָדוֹשׁ | ADJ | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 20 תִּתְהַלָּֽל | obl | the holy [one] |
| 19 | יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל | יִשְׂרָאֵל | PROPN | _ | 18 קְד֥וֹשׁ | compound:smixut | of Israel |
| 20 | תִּתְהַלָּֽל | הָלַל | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HITHPAEL Number=Sing Person=2 | 1 תִּזְר | parataxis | you will boast |
| 21 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 20 תִּתְהַלָּֽל | punct | |
| 22 | פ | פ | PUNCT | _ | 20 תִּתְהַלָּֽל | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- request
- voice
- character
- speech
- inside a quote begun earlier
- negation
- no
- indirect
- yes
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| תִּזְר you | yiqtol · qal | ֵם will winnow them | |||
| תִּשָּׂא it | yiqtol · qal | רוּחַ a wind | ֵם will carry them away | ||
| תָּפִיץ it will scatter | yiqtol · hiphil | ָם them | סְעָרָה a tempest | ||
| תָּגִיל you will be glad | yiqtol · qal | אַתָּה you | |||
| תִּתְהַלָּֽל you will boast | yiqtol · hithpael | יִשְׂרָאֵל of Israel |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Jonathan
תְּדִרִינוּן וְרוּחָא תִטְלוּנוּן וּמֵימְרֵהּ כְּעַלְעוֹלָא לְקַשָׁא יְבַדֵר יַתְהוֹן וְאַתְּ תְּבוּעַ בְּמֵימְרָא דַייָ בְּקַדִישָׁא דְיִשְׂרָאֵל תִּשְׁתַּבַּח:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:812.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.41.16/