Isaiah 41:20 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ
Who acts: cypress, hand, Holy One · What happens: see, know, consider, understand, do, create · To what, where: this, hand · Speech: someone speaks in this verse
This is Isaiah 41:20 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — cypress, hand, Holy One — and what happens in the verse to this, hand, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
לְמַ֧עַן יִרְא֣וּ וְיֵדְע֗וּ וְיָשִׂ֤ימוּ וְיַשְׂכִּ֙ילוּ֙ יַחְדָּ֔ו כִּ֥י יַד־יְהוָ֖ה עָ֣שְׂתָה זֹּ֑את וּקְד֥וֹשׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל בְּרָאָֽהּ׃פ
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | לְמַ֧עַן | לְמַעַן | SCONJ | _ | 2 יִרְא֣וּ | mark | so that |
| 2 | יִרְא֣וּ | רָאָה | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3 | root | root | people may see |
| 3 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 4 יֵדְע֗וּ | cc | and |
| 4 | יֵדְע֗וּ | יָדַע | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3 | 2 יִרְא֣וּ | conj | people will know |
| 5 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 6 יָשִׂ֤ימוּ | cc | and |
| 6 | יָשִׂ֤ימוּ | שׂים | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3 | 2 יִרְא֣וּ | conj | people will set |
| 7 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 8 יַשְׂכִּ֙ילוּ֙ | cc | and |
| 8 | יַשְׂכִּ֙ילוּ֙ | שָׂכַל | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=3 | 2 יִרְא֣וּ | conj | people will have insight |
| 9 | יַחְדָּ֔ו | יָחְדָּו | ADV | _ | 8 יַשְׂכִּ֙ילוּ֙ | advmod | all together |
| 10 | כִּ֥י | כִּי | SCONJ | _ | 13 עָ֣שְׂתָה | mark | (dm) that |
| 11 | יַד־ | יָד | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 עָ֣שְׂתָה | nsubj | the hand |
| 12 | יְהוָ֖ה | יהוה | PROPN | _ | 11 יַד־ | compound:smixut | of Yahweh |
| 13 | עָ֣שְׂתָה | עָשָׂה | VERB | Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 8 יַשְׂכִּ֙ילוּ֙ | ccomp | it has done |
| 14 | זֹּ֑את | זֹאת | PRON | Gender=Fem Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 13 עָ֣שְׂתָה | obj | this |
| 15 | וּ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 18 בְּרָא | cc | and |
| 16 | קְד֥וֹשׁ | קָדוֹשׁ | ADJ | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 18 בְּרָא | nsubj | the holy [one] |
| 17 | יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל | יִשְׂרָאֵל | PROPN | _ | 16 קְד֥וֹשׁ | compound:smixut | of Israel |
| 18 | בְּרָא | בָּרָא | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 13 עָ֣שְׂתָה | conj | he |
| 19 | ָֽהּ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 בְּרָא | obj | has created it |
| 20 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 19 ָֽהּ | punct | |
| 21 | פ | פ | PUNCT | _ | 19 ָֽהּ | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- speech
- inside a quote begun earlier
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| יִרְאוּ people may see | yiqtol · qal | ||||
| יֵדְעוּ people will know | yiqtol · qal | ||||
| יָשִׂימוּ people will set | yiqtol · qal | ||||
| יַשְׂכִּילוּ people will have insight | yiqtol · hiphil | עָשְׂתָה it has done + בְּרָא he | |||
| עָשְׂתָה it has done | qatal · qal | יַד־ the hand | זֹּאת this | ||
| בְּרָא he | qatal · qal | קְדוֹשׁ the holy [one] | ָֽהּ has created it |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Jonathan
בְּדִיל דְיֶחֱזוּן וְיֵדְעוּן וִישַׁווּן דְחַלְתִּי עַל לִבְּהוֹן וְיִסְתַּכְּלוּן כַּחֲדָא אֲרֵי גְבוּרְתָא דַייָ עֲבָדַת דָא וְקַדִישָׁא דְיִשְׂרָאֵל בְּרָא יָתָהּ:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:816.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.41.20/