Isaiah 41:28 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ

Who acts: I, counsellor · What happens: look, ask, give · To what, where: answer

This is Isaiah 41:28 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, counsellor — and what happens in the verse to answer, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְאֵ֙רֶא֙ וְאֵ֣ין אִ֔ישׁ וּמֵאֵ֖לֶּה וְאֵ֣ין יוֹעֵ֑ץ וְאֶשְׁאָלֵ֖ם וְיָשִׁ֥יבוּ דָבָֽר׃

And I look, but there is no man; even among them, but there is no counsellor, that, when I ask of them, can give an answer.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 אֵ֙רֶא֙	cc	and
2	אֵ֙רֶא֙	רָאָה	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	root	root	I will look
3	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	4 אֵ֣ין	cc	and
4	אֵ֣ין	אַיִן	ADV	_	2 אֵ֙רֶא֙	conj	there [is] not
5	אִ֔ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 אֵ֣ין	nsubj	a person
6	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	10 אֵ֣ין	cc	and
7	מֵ	מִן	ADP	_	8 אֵ֖לֶּה	case	from
8	אֵ֖לֶּה	אֵלֶּה	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur PronType=Dem	10 אֵ֣ין	dislocated	these
9	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	10 אֵ֣ין	cc	and
10	אֵ֣ין	אַיִן	ADV	_	2 אֵ֙רֶא֙	conj	there [is] not
11	יוֹעֵ֑ץ	יָעַץ	NOUN	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	10 אֵ֣ין	nsubj	a counselor
12	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	13 אֶשְׁאָל	cc	and
13	אֶשְׁאָל	שָׁאַל	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	2 אֵ֙רֶא֙	conj	I
14	ֵ֖ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 אֶשְׁאָל	obj	will ask them
15	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	16 יָשִׁ֥יבוּ	cc	and
16	יָשִׁ֥יבוּ	שׁוּב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=3	2 אֵ֙רֶא֙	conj	they will bring back
17	דָבָֽר	דָּבָר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	16 יָשִׁ֥יבוּ	obj	a word
18	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	17 דָבָֽר	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: promise
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
not אֵרֶא I will look	yiqtol · qal
אֶשְׁאָל I	yiqtol · qal		ֵם will ask them
יָשִׁיבוּ they will bring back	yiqtol · hiphil	דָבָֽר a word

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וּגְלֵי קֳדְמַי וְלֵית גְבַר דְלֵיהּ עוֹבָדִין טָבִין וּמֵאִלֵין לֵית דְמָלִיךְ מֵילַךְ וּשְׁאִילְתִּינוּן אִם יְתוּבוּן פִּתְגָם:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And I look, but there is no man; even among them, but there is no counsellor, that, when I ask of them, can give an answer.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:824.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.41.28/