Isaiah 44:11 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ
Who acts: fellows · What happens: be, let, gather, stand up, fear · To what, where: fellows
This is Isaiah 44:11 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — fellows — and what happens in the verse to fellows, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
הֵ֤ן כָּל־חֲבֵרָיו֙ יֵבֹ֔שׁוּ וְחָרָשִׁ֥ים הֵ֖מָּה מֵֽאָדָ֑ם יִֽתְקַבְּצ֤וּ כֻלָּם֙ יַֽעֲמֹ֔דוּ יִפְחֲד֖וּ יֵבֹ֥שׁוּ יָֽחַד׃
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | הֵ֤ן | הֵן | INTJ | _ | 5 יֵבֹ֔שׁוּ | discourse | there! |
| 2 | כָּל־ | כֹּל | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 5 יֵבֹ֔שׁוּ | nsubj | all |
| 3 | חֲבֵרָי | חָבֵר | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 2 כָּל־ | compound:smixut | companions |
| 4 | ו֙ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 חֲבֵרָי | nmod:poss | his |
| 5 | יֵבֹ֔שׁוּ | בּוֹשׁ | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3 | root | root | they will be ashamed |
| 6 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 10 אָדָ֑ם | cc | and |
| 7 | חָרָשִׁ֥ים | חָרָשׁ | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 10 אָדָ֑ם | dislocated | craftsmen |
| 8 | הֵ֖מָּה | הֵמָּה | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 אָדָ֑ם | nsubj | they |
| 9 | מֵֽ | מִן | ADP | _ | 10 אָדָ֑ם | case | [are] from |
| 10 | אָדָ֑ם | אָדָם | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 5 יֵבֹ֔שׁוּ | conj | humankind |
| 11 | יִֽתְקַבְּצ֤וּ | קָבַץ | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HITHPAEL Number=Plur Person=3 | 5 יֵבֹ֔שׁוּ | parataxis | let them gather together |
| 12 | כֻלּ | כֹּל | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 11 יִֽתְקַבְּצ֤וּ | nsubj | of them |
| 13 | ָם֙ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 כֻלּ | nmod:poss | all |
| 14 | יַֽעֲמֹ֔דוּ | עָמַד | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3 | 5 יֵבֹ֔שׁוּ | parataxis | let them stand up |
| 15 | יִפְחֲד֖וּ | פָּחַד | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3 | 5 יֵבֹ֔שׁוּ | parataxis | let them be in dread |
| 16 | יֵבֹ֥שׁוּ | בּוֹשׁ | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3 | 5 יֵבֹ֔שׁוּ | parataxis | let them be ashamed |
| 17 | יָֽחַד | יַחַד | ADV | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 16 יֵבֹ֥שׁוּ | advmod | altogether |
| 18 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 17 יָֽחַד | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- speech
- inside a quote begun earlier
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| יֵבֹשׁוּ they will be ashamed | yiqtol · qal | חֲבֵרָי companions | |||
| יִֽתְקַבְּצוּ let them gather together | yiqtol · hithpael | ָם all | |||
| יַֽעֲמֹדוּ let them stand up | yiqtol · qal | חֲבֵרָי companions + חָרָשִׁים craftsmen | |||
| יִפְחֲדוּ let them be in dread | yiqtol · qal | חֲבֵרָי companions + חָרָשִׁים craftsmen | |||
| יֵבֹשׁוּ let them be ashamed | yiqtol · qal | חֲבֵרָי companions + חָרָשִׁים craftsmen |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Jonathan
הָא כָּל פָּלְחֵיהוֹן יִבָּהֲתוּן וְאוּמָנִין עוּבְדָנִין מִבְּנֵי אֱנָשָׁא יִתְכַּנְסוּן כּוּלְהוֹן יְקוּמוּן יִתַּבְּרוּן יִבַהֲתוּן כַּחֲדָא:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:889.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.44.11/