Isaiah 45:23 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ

Who acts: I, knee, tongue · What happens: swear, go, not come back, bow · To what, where: word, mouth

This is Isaiah 45:23 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, knee, tongue — and what happens in the verse to word, mouth, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

בִּ֣י נִשְׁבַּ֔עְתִּי יָצָ֨א מִפִּ֧י צְדָקָ֛ה דָּבָ֖ר וְלֹ֣א יָשׁ֑וּב כִּי־לִי֙ תִּכְרַ֣ע כָּל־בֶּ֔רֶךְ תִּשָּׁבַ֖ע כָּל־לָשֽׁוֹן׃

By Myself have I sworn, the word is gone forth from My mouth in righteousness, and shall not come back, that unto Me every knee shall bow, every tongue shall swear.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	בּ	בְּ	ADP	_	2 ִ֣י	case	by
2	ִ֣י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	3 נִשְׁבַּ֔עְתִּי	obl	myself
3	נִשְׁבַּ֔עְתִּי	שָׁבַע	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=1	root	root	I swear
4	יָצָ֨א	יָצָא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	3 נִשְׁבַּ֔עְתִּי	parataxis	it goes forth
5	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	6 פּ	case	from
6	פּ	פֶּה	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 יָצָ֨א	obl	mouth
7	ִ֧י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	6 פּ	nmod:poss	my
8	צְדָקָ֛ה	צְדָקָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	4 יָצָ֨א	obl	righteousness
9	דָּבָ֖ר	דָּבָר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 יָצָ֨א	nsubj	a word
10	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	12 יָשׁ֑וּב	cc	and
11	לֹ֣א	לֹא	ADV	_	12 יָשׁ֑וּב	advmod	not
12	יָשׁ֑וּב	שׁוּב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	3 נִשְׁבַּ֔עְתִּי	conj	it will return
13	כִּי־	כִּי	SCONJ	_	16 תִּכְרַ֣ע	mark	(dm) that
14	ל	לְ	ADP	_	15 ִי֙	case	to
15	ִי֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	16 תִּכְרַ֣ע	obl	me
16	תִּכְרַ֣ע	כָּרַע	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	3 נִשְׁבַּ֔עְתִּי	advcl	it will bow down
17	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	16 תִּכְרַ֣ע	nsubj	every
18	בֶּ֔רֶךְ	בֶּרֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	17 כָּל־	compound:smixut	knee
19	תִּשָּׁבַ֖ע	שָׁבַע	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=3	3 נִשְׁבַּ֔עְתִּי	parataxis	it will swear
20	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	19 תִּשָּׁבַ֖ע	nsubj	every
21	לָשֽׁוֹן	לָשׁוֹן	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 כָּל־	compound:smixut	tongue
22	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	21 לָשֽׁוֹן	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
נִשְׁבַּעְתִּי I swear	qatal · niphal
יָצָא it goes forth	qatal · qal	דָּבָר a word
not יָשׁוּב it will return	yiqtol · qal	דָּבָר a word
תִּכְרַע it will bow down	yiqtol · qal	בֶּרֶךְ knee
תִּשָּׁבַע it will swear	yiqtol · niphal	לָשֽׁוֹן tongue

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

בְּמֵימְרִי קַיְמֵת נְפַק מִן קֳדָמַי בִּזְכוּ פִּתְגָם וְלָא יְבַטֵל אֲרֵי קֳדָמַי תִּכְרַע כָּל בֶּרֶךְ תְּקַיֵם כָּל לִישָׁן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

By Myself have I sworn, the word is gone forth from My mouth in righteousness, and shall not come back, that unto Me every knee shall bow, every tongue shall swear.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:929.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.45.23/