Isaiah 57:20 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ

Who acts: wicked, sea, waters · What happens: be, not rest, cast up · To what, where: mire

This is Isaiah 57:20 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — wicked, sea, waters — and what happens in the verse to mire, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְהָרְשָׁעִ֖ים כַּיָּ֣ם נִגְרָ֑שׁ כִּ֤י הַשְׁקֵט֙ לֹ֣א יוּכָ֔ל וַיִּגְרְשׁ֥וּ מֵימָ֖יו רֶ֥פֶשׁ וָטִֽיט׃

But the wicked are like the troubled sea; for it cannot rest, and its waters cast up mire and dirt.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	7 נִגְרָ֑שׁ	cc	and
2	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	3 רְשָׁעִ֖ים	det	the wicked
3	רְשָׁעִ֖ים	רָשָׁע	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	7 נִגְרָ֑שׁ	nsubj	[people]
4	כַּ	כְּ	ADP	_	6 יָּ֣ם	case	[are] like
5	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	6 יָּ֣ם	det	the
6	יָּ֣ם	יָם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	7 נִגְרָ֑שׁ	obl	sea
7	נִגְרָ֑שׁ	גָּרַשׁ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing	root	root	[which is] tossed
8	כִּ֤י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	11 יוּכָ֔ל	mark	(dm)
9	הַשְׁקֵט֙	שָׁקַט	VERB	HebBinyan=HIPHIL	11 יוּכָ֔ל	obj	to be quiet
10	לֹ֣א	לֹא	ADV	_	11 יוּכָ֔ל	advmod	not
11	יוּכָ֔ל	יָכֹל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	7 נִגְרָ֑שׁ	advcl	it is able
12	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	13 יִּגְרְשׁ֥וּ	cc	and
13	יִּגְרְשׁ֥וּ	גָּרַשׁ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	7 נִגְרָ֑שׁ	conj	they have tossed up
14	מֵימָ֖י	מַיִם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	13 יִּגְרְשׁ֥וּ	nsubj	waters
15	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 מֵימָ֖י	nmod:poss	its
16	רֶ֥פֶשׁ	רֶפֶשׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	13 יִּגְרְשׁ֥וּ	obj	mire
17	וָ	וְ	CCONJ	_	18 טִֽיט	cc	and
18	טִֽיט	טִיט	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	16 רֶ֥פֶשׁ	conj	mud
19	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	18 טִֽיט	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
נִגְרָשׁ [which is] tossed	participle active · niphal		רְשָׁעִים [people]
הַשְׁקֵט to be quiet	infinitive absolute · hiphil	רְשָׁעִים [people]
not יוּכָל it is able	yiqtol · qal	רְשָׁעִים [people]	הַשְׁקֵט to be quiet
יִּגְרְשׁוּ they have tossed up	wayyiqtol · qal	מֵימָי waters	רֶפֶשׁ mire + טִֽיט mud

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וְרַשִׁיעַיָא כְּיַמָא דִטְרִיד דְבָעֵי לְמֵינַח וְלָא יָכִיל וְעָבְדִין מוֹהִי סִין וְטִין:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

But the wicked are like the troubled sea; for it cannot rest, and its waters cast up mire and dirt.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:ISA:1130.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.57.20/