Isaiah 57:20 · JPS 1917
But the wicked are like the troubled sea; for it cannot rest, and its waters cast up mire and dirt.
Who acts: wicked, sea, waters · What happens: be, not rest, cast up · To what, where: mire
This is Isaiah 57:20 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wicked, sea, waters), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 8 sea | cc |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 wicked | det |
| 3 | wicked | wicked | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 sea | nsubj |
| 4 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 sea | cop |
| 5 | like | like | ADP | _ | 8 sea | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 sea | det |
| 7 | troubled | troubled | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 sea | amod |
| 8 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 9 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 14 rest | punct |
| 10 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 14 rest | mark |
| 11 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 rest | nsubj |
| 12 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 14 rest | aux |
| 13 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 14 rest | advmod |
| 14 | rest | rest | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 sea | advcl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 cast | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 cast | cc |
| 17 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 waters | nmod:poss |
| 18 | waters | water | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 cast | nsubj |
| 19 | cast | cast | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 rest | conj |
| 20 | up | up | ADP | _ | 19 cast | compound:prt |
| 21 | mire | mire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 cast | obj |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 dirt | cc |
| 23 | dirt | dirt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 mire | conj |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 sea | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- evaluate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- neg
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | the wicked | like the troubled sea | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | not rest | can | sea | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | cast up | present | sea's waters | mire and dirt | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mire=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וְהָרְשָׁעִ֖ים כַּיָּ֣ם נִגְרָ֑שׁ כִּ֤י הַשְׁקֵט֙ לֹ֣א יוּכָ֔ל וַיִּגְרְשׁ֥וּ מֵימָ֖יו רֶ֥פֶשׁ וָטִֽיט׃
Isaiah 57:20: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:ISA:1255 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1255/