Judges 12:1 שֹׁפְטִים

Who acts: men, thou · What happens: gather, pass, say, pass over, fight, not call · To what, where: men, Zaphon, us, house · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Judges 12:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — men, thou — and what happens in the verse to men, Zaphon, us, house, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיִּצָּעֵק֙ אִ֣ישׁ אֶפְרַ֔יִם וַֽיַּעֲבֹ֖ר צָפ֑וֹנָה וַיֹּאמְר֨וּ לְיִפְתָּ֜ח מַדּ֣וּעַ ׀ עָבַ֣רְתָּ ׀ לְהִלָּחֵ֣ם בִּבְנֵי־עַמּ֗וֹן וְלָ֙נוּ֙ לֹ֤א קָרָ֙אתָ֙ לָלֶ֣כֶת עִמָּ֔ךְ בֵּיתְךָ֕ נִשְׂרֹ֥ף עָלֶ֖יךָ בָּאֵֽשׁ׃

And the men of Ephraim were gathered together, and passed to Zaphon; and they said unto Jephthah: 'Wherefore didst thou pass over to fight against the children of Ammon, and didst not call us to go with thee? we will burn thy house upon thee with fire.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יִּצָּעֵק֙	cc	and
2	יִּצָּעֵק֙	צָעַק	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it was summoned
3	אִ֣ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יִּצָּעֵק֙	nsubj	the man
4	אֶפְרַ֔יִם	אֶפְרַיִם	PROPN	_	3 אִ֣ישׁ	compound:smixut	of Ephraim
5	וַֽ	וְ	CCONJ	_	6 יַּעֲבֹ֖ר	cc	and
6	יַּעֲבֹ֖ר	עָבַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יִּצָּעֵק֙	conj	it passed over
7	צָפ֑וֹנ	צָפוֹן	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	6 יַּעֲבֹ֖ר	obl	northward
8	ָה	ה	X	_	7 צָפ֑וֹנ	nmod
9	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	10 יֹּאמְר֨וּ	cc	and
10	יֹּאמְר֨וּ	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יִּצָּעֵק֙	conj	they said
11	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	12 יִפְתָּ֜ח	case	to
12	יִפְתָּ֜ח	יִפְתָּח	PROPN	_	10 יֹּאמְר֨וּ	obl	Jephthah
13	מַדּ֣וּעַ	מַדּוּעַ	ADV	_	15 עָבַ֣רְתָּ	advmod	why?
14	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	13 מַדּ֣וּעַ	punct
15	עָבַ֣רְתָּ	עָבַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	10 יֹּאמְר֨וּ	ccomp	did you pass over
16	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	15 עָבַ֣רְתָּ	punct
17	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	18 הִלָּחֵ֣ם	case	to
18	הִלָּחֵ֣ם	לָחַם	VERB	HebBinyan=NIPHAL	15 עָבַ֣רְתָּ	advcl	wage war
19	בִּ	בְּ	ADP	_	20 בְנֵי־	case	against
20	בְנֵי־	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	18 הִלָּחֵ֣ם	obl	the people
21	עַמּ֗וֹן	עַמּוֹן	PROPN	_	20 בְנֵי־	compound:smixut	of Ammon
22	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	26 קָרָ֙אתָ֙	cc	and
23	ל	לְ	ADP	_	24 ָ֙נוּ֙	case	(to)
24	ָ֙נוּ֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	26 קָרָ֙אתָ֙	obl	us
25	לֹ֤א	לֹא	ADV	_	26 קָרָ֙אתָ֙	advmod	not
26	קָרָ֙אתָ֙	קָרָא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	15 עָבַ֣רְתָּ	conj	you summoned
27	לָ	לְ	ADP	_	28 לֶ֣כֶת	case	to
28	לֶ֣כֶת	הלך	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	26 קָרָ֙אתָ֙	advcl	go
29	עִמּ	עִם	ADP	_	30 ָ֔ךְ	case	with
30	ָ֔ךְ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	28 לֶ֣כֶת	obl	you
31	בֵּית	בַּיִת	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	33 נִשְׂרֹ֥ף	obj	house
32	ְךָ֕	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	31 בֵּית	nmod:poss	your
33	נִשְׂרֹ֥ף	שָׂרַף	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=1	26 קָרָ֙אתָ֙	ccomp	we will burn
34	עָלֶ֖י	עַל	ADP	_	35 ךָ	case	over
35	ךָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	33 נִשְׂרֹ֥ף	obl	you
36	בָּ	בְּ	ADP	_	38 אֵֽשׁ	case	with
37	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	38 אֵֽשׁ	det	(the)
38	אֵֽשׁ	אֵשׁ	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 נִשְׂרֹ֥ף	obl	fire
39	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	38 אֵֽשׁ	punct

Pragmatics

form: wh-question
act: ask
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יִּצָּעֵק it was summoned	wayyiqtol · niphal		אִישׁ the man
יַּעֲבֹר it passed over	wayyiqtol · qal	אִישׁ the man
יֹּאמְרוּ they said	wayyiqtol · qal	אִישׁ the man
עָבַרְתָּ did you pass over	qatal · qal	יִפְתָּח Jephthah
הִלָּחֵם wage war	infinitive construct · niphal	יִפְתָּח Jephthah
not קָרָאתָ you summoned	qatal · qal	יִפְתָּח Jephthah
לֶכֶת go	infinitive construct · qal	אִישׁ the man
נִשְׂרֹף we will burn	yiqtol · qal	אִישׁ the man	בֵּית house

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וְאִתְכְּנַשׁ אֱנַשׁ אֶפְרַיִם וַעֲבַר לְצִפּוּנָא וַאֲמַרוּ לְיִפְתָּח מָא דֵין עֲבַרְתָּא לְאַגָחָא קְרָבָא בִּבְנֵי עַמוֹן וְלָנָא לָא קְרֵיתָא לְמֵיזַל עִמָךְ בֵּיתָךְ נוֹקֵד עֲלָךְ בְּנוּרָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And the men of Ephraim were gathered together, and passed to Zaphon; and they said unto Jephthah: 'Wherefore didst thou pass over to fight against the children of Ammon, and didst not call us to go with thee? we will burn thy house upon thee with fire.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JDG:360.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.12.1/