Judges 19:1 שֹׁפְטִים

Who acts: it, certain Levite · What happens: come, pass, be, sojourn, take · To what, where: king, Israel, farther side, concubine, Levite, Beth lehem

This is Judges 19:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — it, certain Levite — and what happens in the verse to king, Israel, farther side, concubine, Levite, Beth lehem, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיְהִי֙ בַּיָּמִ֣ים הָהֵ֔ם וּמֶ֖לֶךְ אֵ֣ין בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיְהִ֣י ׀ אִ֣ישׁ לֵוִ֗י גָּ֚ר בְּיַרְכְּתֵ֣י הַר־אֶפְרַ֔יִם וַיִּֽקַּֽח־לוֹ֙ אִשָּׁ֣ה פִילֶ֔גֶשׁ מִבֵּ֥ית לֶ֖חֶם בֵּ֥ית לֶ֖חֶם יְהוּדָֽה׃

And it came to pass in those days, when there was no king in Israel, that there was a certain Levite sojourning on the farther side of the hill-country of Ephraim, who took to him a concubine out of Beth-lehem in Judah.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יְהִי֙	cc	and
2	יְהִי֙	הָיָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it was
3	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	5 יָּמִ֣ים	case	in
4	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	5 יָּמִ֣ים	det	the
5	יָּמִ֣ים	יוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 יְהִי֙	obl	days
6	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	7 הֵ֔ם	det	(the)
7	הֵ֔ם	הֵם	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 יָּמִ֣ים	det	those
8	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	10 אֵ֣ין	cc	and
9	מֶ֖לֶךְ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	10 אֵ֣ין	nsubj	a king
10	אֵ֣ין	אַיִן	ADV	_	2 יְהִי֙	conj	there [was] not
11	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	12 יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל	case	in
12	יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	10 אֵ֣ין	obl	Israel
13	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	18 גָּ֚ר	cc	and
14	יְהִ֣י	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	18 גָּ֚ר	cop	he was
15	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	14 יְהִ֣י	punct
16	אִ֣ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	18 גָּ֚ר	nsubj	a man
17	לֵוִ֗י	לֵוִי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	16 אִ֣ישׁ	appos	a Levite
18	גָּ֚ר	גּוּר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	2 יְהִי֙	conj	sojourning
19	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	20 יַרְכְּתֵ֣י	case	in
20	יַרְכְּתֵ֣י	יַרְכָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Dual	18 גָּ֚ר	obl	the the remotest parts
21	הַר־	הַר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	20 יַרְכְּתֵ֣י	compound:smixut	of the hill country
22	אֶפְרַ֔יִם	אֶפְרַיִם	PROPN	_	21 הַר־	compound:smixut	of Ephraim
23	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	24 יִּֽקַּֽח־	cc	and
24	יִּֽקַּֽח־	לָקַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יְהִי֙	conj	he took
25	ל	לְ	ADP	_	26 וֹ֙	case	for
26	וֹ֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	24 יִּֽקַּֽח־	obl	himself
27	אִשָּׁ֣ה	אִשָּׁה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	24 יִּֽקַּֽח־	obj	a woman
28	פִילֶ֔גֶשׁ	פִּלֶגֶשׁ	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	27 אִשָּׁ֣ה	appos	a concubine
29	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	30 בֵּ֥ית	case	from
30	בֵּ֥ית	בֵּית	PROPN	_	24 יִּֽקַּֽח־	obl	Bethlehem
31	לֶ֖חֶם	לֶחֶם	PROPN	_	30 בֵּ֥ית	flat:name
32	בֵּ֥ית	בֵּית	PROPN	_	30 בֵּ֥ית	compound:smixut	Bethlehem
33	לֶ֖חֶם	לֶחֶם	PROPN	_	32 בֵּ֥ית	flat:name
34	יְהוּדָֽה	יְהוּדָה	PROPN	_	30 בֵּ֥ית	compound:smixut	Judah
35	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	34 יְהוּדָֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יְהִי he was	wayyiqtol · qal	אִישׁ a man
גָּר sojourning	participle active · qal	אִישׁ a man
יִּֽקַּֽח־ he took	wayyiqtol · qal	אִישׁ a man	אִשָּׁה a woman

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַהֲוָה בְיוֹמַיָא הָאִינוּן וּמַלְכָּא לֵית בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל וַהֲוָה גְבַר לְוָאָה דָר בִּסְיָפֵי טוּרָא דְבֵית אֶפְרַיִם וּנְסֵיב לֵיהּ אִתְּתָא לְחֵינָתָא מִבֵּית לֶחֶם דְבֵית יְהוּדָה:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And it came to pass in those days, when there was no king in Israel, that there was a certain Levite sojourning on the farther side of the hill-country of Ephraim, who took to him a concubine out of Beth-lehem in Judah.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JDG:515.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.19.1/