Judges 2:1 שֹׁפְטִים
Who acts: angel, I, you, My · What happens: come up, say, make, go up, bring, swear · To what, where: Bochim, Gilgal, you, Egypt, land, covenant · Speech: someone speaks in this verse
This is Judges 2:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — angel, I, you, My — and what happens in the verse to Bochim, Gilgal, you, Egypt, land, covenant, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
וַיַּ֧עַל מַלְאַךְ־יְהוָ֛ה מִן־הַגִּלְגָּ֖ל אֶל־הַבֹּכִ֑יםפ וַיֹּאמֶר֩ אַעֲלֶ֨ה אֶתְכֶ֜ם מִמִּצְרַ֗יִם וָאָבִ֤יא אֶתְכֶם֙ אֶל־הָאָ֗רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֤ר נִשְׁבַּ֙עְתִּי֙ לַאֲבֹ֣תֵיכֶ֔ם וָאֹמַ֕ר לֹֽא־אָפֵ֧ר בְּרִיתִ֛י אִתְּכֶ֖ם לְעוֹלָֽם׃
And the angel of the LORD came up from Gilgal to Bochim. And he said: '...I made you to go up out of Egypt, and have brought you unto the land which I swore unto your fathers; and I said: I will never break My covenant with you;
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | וַ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 2 יַּ֧עַל | cc | and |
| 2 | יַּ֧עַל | עָלָה | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | root | root | he went up |
| 3 | מַלְאַךְ־ | מַלְאָךְ | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 2 יַּ֧עַל | nsubj | the angel |
| 4 | יְהוָ֛ה | יהוה | PROPN | _ | 3 מַלְאַךְ־ | compound:smixut | of Yahweh |
| 5 | מִן־ | מִן | ADP | _ | 7 גִּלְגָּ֖ל | case | from |
| 6 | הַ | הַ | DET | PronType=Art | 7 גִּלְגָּ֖ל | det | (the) |
| 7 | גִּלְגָּ֖ל | גִּלְגָּל | PROPN | _ | 2 יַּ֧עַל | obl | Gilgal |
| 8 | אֶל־ | אֶל | ADP | _ | 10 בֹּכִ֑ים | case | to |
| 9 | הַ | הַ | DET | PronType=Art | 10 בֹּכִ֑ים | det | (the) |
| 10 | בֹּכִ֑ים | בֹּכִים | PROPN | _ | 7 גִּלְגָּ֖ל | conj | Bokim |
| 11 | פ | פ | PUNCT | _ | 10 בֹּכִ֑ים | punct | |
| 12 | וַ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 13 יֹּאמֶר֩ | cc | and |
| 13 | יֹּאמֶר֩ | אָמַר | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 2 יַּ֧עַל | conj | he said |
| 14 | אַעֲלֶ֨ה | עָלָה | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=1 | 13 יֹּאמֶר֩ | ccomp | I brought up |
| 15 | אֶת | אֵת | ADP | _ | 16 ְכֶ֜ם | case | |
| 16 | ְכֶ֜ם | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs | 14 אַעֲלֶ֨ה | obj | you |
| 17 | מִ | מִן | ADP | _ | 18 מִּצְרַ֗יִם | case | from |
| 18 | מִּצְרַ֗יִם | מִצְרַיִם | PROPN | _ | 14 אַעֲלֶ֨ה | obl | Egypt |
| 19 | וָ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 20 אָבִ֤יא | cc | and |
| 20 | אָבִ֤יא | בּוֹא | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=1 | 2 יַּ֧עַל | conj | I brought |
| 21 | אֶת | אֵת | ADP | _ | 22 ְכֶם֙ | case | |
| 22 | ְכֶם֙ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs | 20 אָבִ֤יא | obj | you |
| 23 | אֶל־ | אֶל | ADP | _ | 25 אָ֗רֶץ | case | into |
| 24 | הָ | הַ | DET | PronType=Art | 25 אָ֗רֶץ | det | the |
| 25 | אָ֗רֶץ | אֶרֶץ | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 אָבִ֤יא | obl | land |
| 26 | אֲשֶׁ֤ר | אֲשֶׁר | SCONJ | _ | 27 נִשְׁבַּ֙עְתִּי֙ | mark | which |
| 27 | נִשְׁבַּ֙עְתִּי֙ | שָׁבַע | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=1 | 25 אָ֗רֶץ | acl:relcl | I swore |
| 28 | לַ | לְ | ADP | _ | 29 אֲבֹ֣תֵי | case | to |
| 29 | אֲבֹ֣תֵי | אָב | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 27 נִשְׁבַּ֙עְתִּי֙ | obl | ancestors |
| 30 | כֶ֔ם | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs | 29 אֲבֹ֣תֵי | nmod:poss | your |
| 31 | וָ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 32 אֹמַ֕ר | cc | and |
| 32 | אֹמַ֕ר | אָמַר | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1 | 2 יַּ֧עַל | conj | I said |
| 33 | לֹֽא־ | לֹא | ADV | _ | 34 אָפֵ֧ר | advmod | not |
| 34 | אָפֵ֧ר | פָּרַר | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=1 | 32 אֹמַ֕ר | ccomp | I will break |
| 35 | בְּרִית | בְּרִית | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 34 אָפֵ֧ר | obj | covenant |
| 36 | ִ֛י | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 35 בְּרִית | nmod:poss | my |
| 37 | אִתּ | אֵת | ADP | _ | 38 ְכֶ֖ם | case | with |
| 38 | ְכֶ֖ם | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs | 34 אָפֵ֧ר | obl | you |
| 39 | לְ | לְ | ADP | _ | 40 עוֹלָֽם | case | forever |
| 40 | עוֹלָֽם | עוֹלָם | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 34 אָפֵ֧ר | obl | of perpetuity |
| 41 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 40 עוֹלָֽם | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- promise
- voice
- character
- speech
- a frame and its quote
- negation
- yes
- the frame alone
- decl · narrate · none
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| יַּעַל he went up | wayyiqtol · qal | מַלְאַךְ־ the angel | |||
| יֹּאמֶר he said | wayyiqtol · qal | מַלְאַךְ־ the angel | |||
| אַעֲלֶה I brought up | yiqtol · hiphil | מִּצְרַיִם Egypt | מַלְאַךְ־ the angel | ||
| אָבִיא I brought | wayyiqtol · hiphil | מַלְאַךְ־ the angel | |||
| נִשְׁבַּעְתִּי I swore | qatal · niphal | מַלְאַךְ־ the angel | |||
| אֹמַר I said | wayyiqtol · qal | מַלְאַךְ־ the angel | |||
| not אָפֵר I will break | yiqtol · hiphil | אִתּ with | מַלְאַךְ־ the angel |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Jonathan
וּסְלִיק נְבִיָא בִּשְׁלִיחוּת מִן קֳדָם יְיָ מִן גִלְגְלָא לַבּוֹכִים וַאֲמַר אֲסֵקִית יַתְכוֹן מִמִצְרַיִם וְאַעֲלִית יַתְכוֹן לְאַרְעָא דִי קַיֵמִית לַאֲבָהַתְכוֹן וַאֲמַרִית לָא אַשְׁנֵי קְיָמַי עִמְכוֹן לְעֳלָם:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
- And the angel of the LORD came up from Gilgal to Bochim.
- And he said: '...I made you to go up out of Egypt, and have brought you unto the land which I swore unto your fathers; and I said: I will never break My covenant with you;
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:JDG:36.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.2.1/