Judges 21:18 שֹׁפְטִים

Who acts: we, children · What happens: not give, swear, say, curse, give · To what, where: wives, women, Israel, wife, Benjamin · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Judges 21:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — we, children — and what happens in the verse to wives, women, Israel, wife, Benjamin, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַאֲנַ֗חְנוּ לֹ֥א נוּכַ֛ל לָתֵת־לָהֶ֥ם נָשִׁ֖ים מִבְּנוֹתֵ֑ינוּ כִּֽי־נִשְׁבְּע֤וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר אָר֕וּר נֹתֵ֥ן אִשָּׁ֖ה לְבִנְיָמִֽן׃ס

Howbeit we may not give them wives of our daughters.' For the children of Israel had sworn, saying: 'Cursed be he that giveth a wife to Benjamin.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	4 נוּכַ֛ל	cc	and
2	אֲנַ֗חְנוּ	אֲנַחְנוּ	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	4 נוּכַ֛ל	nsubj	we
3	לֹ֥א	לֹא	ADV	_	4 נוּכַ֛ל	advmod	not
4	נוּכַ֛ל	יָכֹל	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=1	root	root	we are able
5	לָ	לְ	ADP	_	6 תֵת־	case	to
6	תֵת־	נָתַן	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	4 נוּכַ֛ל	xcomp	give
7	ל	לְ	ADP	_	8 ָהֶ֥ם	case	to
8	ָהֶ֥ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 תֵת־	obl	them
9	נָשִׁ֖ים	אִשָּׁה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	6 תֵת־	obj	wives
10	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	11 בְּנוֹתֵ֑י	case	any
11	בְּנוֹתֵ֑י	בַּת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	6 תֵת־	obl	of
12	נוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	11 בְּנוֹתֵ֑י	nmod:poss	our daughters
13	כִּֽי־	כִּי	SCONJ	_	14 נִשְׁבְּע֤וּ	mark	(dm)
14	נִשְׁבְּע֤וּ	שָׁבַע	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Plur Person=3	4 נוּכַ֛ל	advcl	they had sworn
15	בְנֵֽי־	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	14 נִשְׁבְּע֤וּ	nsubj	the people
16	יִשְׂרָאֵל֙	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	15 בְנֵֽי־	compound:smixut	of Israel
17	לֵ	לְ	ADP	ExtPos=SCONJ	19 אָר֕וּר	mark	(cmp)
18	אמֹ֔ר	אָמַר	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	17 לֵ	fixed
19	אָר֕וּר	אָרַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	14 נִשְׁבְּע֤וּ	advcl	[be] cursed
20	נֹתֵ֥ן	נָתַן	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	19 אָר֕וּר	nsubj	[one who] gives
21	אִשָּׁ֖ה	אִשָּׁה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	20 נֹתֵ֥ן	obj	a wife
22	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	23 בִנְיָמִֽן	case	to
23	בִנְיָמִֽן	בִּנְיָמִן	PROPN	_	20 נֹתֵ֥ן	obl	Benjamin
24	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	23 בִנְיָמִֽן	punct
25	ס	ס	PUNCT	_	23 בִנְיָמִֽן	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
the frame alone: decl · assert · neg

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
not נוּכַל we are able	yiqtol · qal	אֲנַחְנוּ we
תֵת־ give	infinitive construct · qal		נָשִׁים wives
נִשְׁבְּעוּ they had sworn	qatal · niphal	בְנֵֽי־ the people
אמֹר	infinitive construct · qal	בְנֵֽי־ the people
אָרוּר [be] cursed	participle passive · qal		נֹתֵן [one who] gives
נֹתֵן [one who] gives	participle active · qal		אִשָּׁה a wife

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲנַחְנָא לָא נֵיכוּל לְמִתַּן לְהוֹן נְשִׁין מִבְּנָתָנָא אֲרֵי קַיְימוּ בְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל לְמֵימָר לִיט דִי יִתֵּן אִתְּתָא לִדְבֵית בִּנְיָמִין:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Howbeit we may not give them wives of our daughters.' For the children of Israel had sworn, saying: 'Cursed be he that giveth a wife to Benjamin.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JDG:610.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.21.18/