Judges 9:28 שֹׁפְטִים

Who acts: Gaal, Abimelech, we, ye · What happens: say, be, serve, not be · To what, where: Abimelech, Shechem, Gaal, son, men · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Judges 9:28 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Gaal, Abimelech, we, ye — and what happens in the verse to Abimelech, Shechem, Gaal, son, men, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר ׀ גַּ֣עַל בֶּן־עֶ֗בֶד מִֽי־אֲבִימֶ֤לֶךְ וּמִֽי־שְׁכֶם֙ כִּ֣י נַעַבְדֶ֔נּוּ הֲלֹ֥א בֶן־יְרֻבַּ֖עַל וּזְבֻ֣ל פְּקִיד֑וֹ עִבְד֗וּ אֶת־אַנְשֵׁ֤י חֲמוֹר֙ אֲבִ֣י שְׁכֶ֔ם וּמַדּ֖וּעַ נַעַבְדֶ֥נּוּ אֲנָֽחְנוּ׃

And Gaal the son of Ebed said: 'Who is Abimelech, and who is Shechem, that we should serve him? is not he the son of Jerubbaal? and Zebul his officer? serve ye the men of Hamor the father of Shechem; but why should we serve him?

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֹּ֣אמֶר	cc	and
2	יֹּ֣אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he said
3	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	2 יֹּ֣אמֶר	punct
4	גַּ֣עַל	גַּעַל	PROPN	_	2 יֹּ֣אמֶר	nsubj	Gaal
5	בֶּן־	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 גַּ֣עַל	appos	the son
6	עֶ֗בֶד	עֶבֶד	PROPN	_	5 בֶּן־	compound:smixut	of Ebed
7	מִֽי־	מִי	PRON	PronType=Int	2 יֹּ֣אמֶר	ccomp	who?
8	אֲבִימֶ֤לֶךְ	אֲבִימֶלֶךְ	PROPN	_	7 מִֽי־	nsubj	[is] Abimelech
9	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	10 מִֽי־	cc	and
10	מִֽי־	מִי	PRON	PronType=Int	7 מִֽי־	conj	who?
11	שְׁכֶם֙	שְׁכֶם	PROPN	_	10 מִֽי־	nsubj	[is] Shechem
12	כִּ֣י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	13 נַעַבְד	mark	(cmp)
13	נַעַבְד	עָבַד	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=1	7 מִֽי־	parataxis	we
14	ֶ֔נּוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	13 נַעַבְד	obj	will serve him
15	הֲ	הֲ	PART	_	17 בֶן־	advmod	?
16	לֹ֥א	לֹא	ADV	_	17 בֶן־	advmod	not
17	בֶן־	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	7 מִֽי־	parataxis	[is he] the son
18	יְרֻבַּ֖עַל	יְרֻבַּעַל	PROPN	_	17 בֶן־	compound:smixut	of Jerub-Baal
19	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	21 פְּקִיד	cc	and [is]
20	זְבֻ֣ל	זְבֻל	PROPN	_	21 פְּקִיד	nsubj	Zebul?
21	פְּקִיד	פָּקִיד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	17 בֶן־	conj	deputy
22	֑וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 פְּקִיד	nmod:poss	his
23	עִבְד֗וּ	עָבַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	7 מִֽי־	parataxis	serve
24	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	25 אַנְשֵׁ֤י	case	(et)
25	אַנְשֵׁ֤י	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	23 עִבְד֗וּ	obj	the men
26	חֲמוֹר֙	חֲמוֹר	PROPN	_	25 אַנְשֵׁ֤י	compound:smixut	of Hamor
27	אֲבִ֣י	אָב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	26 חֲמוֹר֙	appos	the father
28	שְׁכֶ֔ם	שְׁכֶם	PROPN	_	27 אֲבִ֣י	compound:smixut	of Shechem
29	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	31 נַעַבְד	cc	and
30	מַדּ֖וּעַ	מַדּוּעַ	ADV	_	31 נַעַבְד	advmod	why?
31	נַעַבְד	עָבַד	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=1	7 מִֽי־	conj	will
32	ֶ֥נּוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	31 נַעַבְד	obj	we serve him
33	אֲנָֽחְנוּ	אֲנַחְנוּ	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	31 נַעַבְד	nsubj	we
34	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	33 אֲנָֽחְנוּ	punct

Pragmatics

form: wh-question
act: ask
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	גַּעַל Gaal
נַעַבְד we	yiqtol · qal	גַּעַל Gaal + שְׁכֶם [is] Shechem	ֶנּוּ will serve him
עִבְדוּ serve	imperative · qal	שְׁכֶם [is] Shechem	אַנְשֵׁי the men
נַעַבְד will	yiqtol · qal	אֲנָֽחְנוּ we	ֶנּוּ we serve him

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲמַר גַעַל בַּר עֶבֶד מַן אֲבִימֶלֶךְ וּמַן שְׁכֶם אֲרֵי נִפְלְחִנֵיהּ הֲלָא בַּר יְרוּבַּעַל וּזְבֻל שׁוּלְטְנֵיהּ פְּלַחוּ יַת אֱנָשֵׁי חֲמוֹר אֲבוּהִי דִשְׁכֶם וּמָא דֵין נִפְלְחִנֵיהּ אֲנַחְנָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And Gaal the son of Ebed said: 'Who is Abimelech, and who is Shechem, that we should serve him? is not he the son of Jerubbaal? and Zebul his officer? serve ye the men of Hamor the father of Shechem; but why should we serve him?

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JDG:272.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.9.28/