Judges 9:37 שֹׁפְטִים

Who acts: Gaal, people, one company · What happens: speak, say, see, come down, come · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Judges 9:37 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Gaal, people, one company — and what happens in the verse, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֹּ֨סֶף ע֣וֹד גַּעַל֮ לְדַבֵּר֒ וַיֹּ֕אמֶר הִנֵּה־עָם֙ יֽוֹרְדִ֔ים מֵעִ֖ם טַבּ֣וּר הָאָ֑רֶץ וְרֹאשׁ־אֶחָ֣ד בָּ֔א מִדֶּ֖רֶךְ אֵל֥וֹן מְעוֹנְנִֽים׃

And Gaal spoke again and said: 'See, there come people down by the middle of the land, and one company cometh by the way of Elon-meonenim.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֹּ֨סֶף	cc	and
2	יֹּ֨סֶף	יָסַף	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he repeated
3	ע֣וֹד	עוֹד	ADV	_	2 יֹּ֨סֶף	advmod	again
4	גַּעַל֮	גַּעַל	PROPN	_	2 יֹּ֨סֶף	nsubj	Gaal
5	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	6 דַבֵּר֒	case	to
6	דַבֵּר֒	דָבַר	VERB	HebBinyan=PIEL	2 יֹּ֨סֶף	xcomp	speak
7	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	8 יֹּ֕אמֶר	cc	and
8	יֹּ֕אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֹּ֨סֶף	conj	he said
9	הִנֵּה־	הִנֵּה	INTJ	_	11 יֽוֹרְדִ֔ים	discourse	there!
10	עָם֙	עַם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 יֽוֹרְדִ֔ים	nsubj	a people
11	יֽוֹרְדִ֔ים	יָרַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	8 יֹּ֕אמֶר	ccomp	[are] coming down
12	מֵ	מִן	ADP	_	14 טַבּ֣וּר	case	from
13	עִ֖ם	עִם	ADP	_	14 טַבּ֣וּר	case	with
14	טַבּ֣וּר	טַבּוּר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 יֽוֹרְדִ֔ים	obl	the center
15	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	16 אָ֑רֶץ	det	of
16	אָ֑רֶץ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 טַבּ֣וּר	compound:smixut	the land
17	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	20 בָּ֔א	cc	and
18	רֹאשׁ־	רֹאשׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	20 בָּ֔א	nsubj	a company
19	אֶחָ֣ד	אֶחָד	NUM	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	18 רֹאשׁ־	nummod	one
20	בָּ֔א	בּוֹא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	11 יֽוֹרְדִ֔ים	conj	[is] coming
21	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	22 דֶּ֖רֶךְ	case	from [the]
22	דֶּ֖רֶךְ	דֶּרֶךְ	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 בָּ֔א	obl	direction
23	אֵל֥וֹן	אֵלוֹן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	22 דֶּ֖רֶךְ	compound:smixut	of [the] great tree
24	מְעוֹנְנִֽים	עָנַן	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=POEL Number=Plur	23 אֵל֥וֹן	compound:smixut	of [the] soothsayer
25	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	24 מְעוֹנְנִֽים	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)
יֹּסֶף he repeated	wayyiqtol · hiphil	גַּעַל Gaal
דַבֵּר speak	infinitive construct · piel	גַּעַל Gaal
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	גַּעַל Gaal
יֽוֹרְדִים [are] coming down	participle active · qal	עָם a people
בָּא [is] coming	participle active · qal	רֹאשׁ־ a company

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וְאוֹסֵף עוֹד גַעַל לְמַלָלָא וַאֲמַר הָא עַמָא נָחְתִין מִן תּוּקְפָא דְאַרְעָא וּמַשְׁרִיתָא חֲדָא אַתְיָא מֵאוֹרַח מֵישַׁר מְעוֹנְנַיָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And Gaal spoke again and said: 'See, there come people down by the middle of the land, and one company cometh by the way of Elon-meonenim.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JDG:281.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.9.37/