Jeremiah 12:11 יִרְמְיָהוּ
Who acts: shepherds, portion, man · What happens: make, mourn, be, lay · To what, where: portion, whole land
This is Jeremiah 12:11 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — shepherds, portion, man — and what happens in the verse to portion, whole land, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
שָׂמָהּ֙ לִשְׁמָמָ֔ה אָבְלָ֥ה עָלַ֖י שְׁמֵמָ֑ה נָשַׁ֙מָּה֙ כָּל־הָאָ֔רֶץ כִּ֛י אֵ֥ין אִ֖ישׁ שָׂ֥ם עַל־לֵֽב׃
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | שָׂמ | שׂים | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | root | root | he |
| 2 | ָהּ֙ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 1 שָׂמ | obj | has made it |
| 3 | לִ | לְ | ADP | _ | 4 שְׁמָמָ֔ה | case | into |
| 4 | שְׁמָמָ֔ה | שְׁמָמָה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 1 שָׂמ | obl | a desolation |
| 5 | אָבְלָ֥ה | אָבַל | VERB | Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 1 שָׂמ | parataxis | it is in mourning |
| 6 | עָל | עַל | ADP | _ | 7 ַ֖י | case | on |
| 7 | ַ֖י | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 5 אָבְלָ֥ה | obl | me |
| 8 | שְׁמֵמָ֑ה | שָׁמֵם | ADJ | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 5 אָבְלָ֥ה | nsubj | desolate |
| 9 | נָשַׁ֙מָּה֙ | שָׁמֵם | VERB | Gender=Fem HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 1 שָׂמ | parataxis | it has been made desolate |
| 10 | כָּל־ | כֹּל | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 9 נָשַׁ֙מָּה֙ | nsubj | all |
| 11 | הָ | הַ | DET | PronType=Art | 12 אָ֔רֶץ | det | the |
| 12 | אָ֔רֶץ | אֶרֶץ | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 כָּל־ | compound:smixut | land |
| 13 | כִּ֛י | כִּי | SCONJ | _ | 14 אֵ֥ין | mark | (dm) |
| 14 | אֵ֥ין | אַיִן | ADV | _ | 1 שָׂמ | parataxis | there [is] not |
| 15 | אִ֖ישׁ | אִישׁ | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 14 אֵ֥ין | nsubj | anyone |
| 16 | שָׂ֥ם | שׂים | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing | 15 אִ֖ישׁ | acl:relcl | [who] puts [it] |
| 17 | עַל־ | עַל | ADP | _ | 18 לֵֽב | case | on |
| 18 | לֵֽב | לֵב | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 16 שָׂ֥ם | obl | heart |
| 19 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 18 לֵֽב | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- speech
- inside a quote begun earlier
- negation
- yes
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| not שָׂמ he | qatal · qal | ָהּ has made it | |||
| אָבְלָה it is in mourning | qatal · qal | שְׁמֵמָה desolate | |||
| נָשַׁמָּה it has been made desolate | qatal · niphal | אָרֶץ land | |||
| שָׂם [who] puts [it] | participle active · qal | אִישׁ anyone |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Jonathan
שַׁוְיוּהָא לְצָדוּ אִתְאַבְּלַת קֳדָמַי חֲרוֹבַת צְדִיאַת כָּל אַרְעָא אֲרֵי לֵית אֱנַשׁ דִמְשַׁוֵי דְחַלְתִּי עַל לִבָּא:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:JER:312.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.12.11/