Jeremiah 23:2 יִרְמְיָהוּ

Who acts: LORD, shepherds, Ye, I · What happens: say, feed, scatter, drive away, not take, visit · To what, where: people, flock, care, evil · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Jeremiah 23:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, shepherds, Ye, I — and what happens in the verse to people, flock, care, evil, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 52 chapters of Jeremiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

לָ֠כֵן כֹּֽה־אָמַ֨ר יְהוָ֜ה אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל עַֽל־הָרֹעִים֮ הָרֹעִ֣ים אֶת־עַמִּי֒ אַתֶּ֞ם הֲפִצֹתֶ֤ם אֶת־צֹאנִי֙ וַתַּדִּח֔וּם וְלֹ֥א פְקַדְתֶּ֖ם אֹתָ֑ם הִנְנִ֨י פֹקֵ֧ד עֲלֵיכֶ֛ם אֶת־רֹ֥עַ מַעַלְלֵיכֶ֖ם נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃

Therefore thus saith the LORD, the God of Israel, against the shepherds that feed My people: Ye have scattered My flock, and driven them away, and have not taken care of them; behold, I will visit upon you the evil of your doings, saith the LORD.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	לָ֠	לָכֵן	ADP	_	2 כֵן	case	therefore
2	כֵן	כֵּן	ADV	_	root	root
3	כֹּֽה־	כֹּה	ADV	_	4 אָמַ֨ר	advmod	thus
4	אָמַ֨ר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 כֵן	parataxis	he says
5	יְהוָ֜ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	4 אָמַ֨ר	nsubj	Yahweh
6	אֱלֹהֵ֣י	אֱלֹהִים	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	5 יְהוָ֜ה	appos	the God
7	יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	6 אֱלֹהֵ֣י	compound:smixut	of Israel
8	עַֽל־	עַל	ADP	_	10 רֹעִים֮	case	on
9	הָ	הַ	SCONJ	_	10 רֹעִים֮	mark	the
10	רֹעִים֮	רָעָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	4 אָמַ֨ר	advcl	shepherds
11	הָ	הַ	SCONJ	_	12 רֹעִ֣ים	mark	[who
12	רֹעִ֣ים	רָעָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	10 רֹעִים֮	acl:relcl	are] shepherding
13	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	14 עַמּ	case	(et)
14	עַמּ	עַם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	12 רֹעִ֣ים	obj	people
15	ִי֒	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	14 עַמּ	nmod:poss	my
16	אַתֶּ֞ם	אַתֶּם	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	17 הֲפִצֹתֶ֤ם	nsubj	you
17	הֲפִצֹתֶ֤ם	פּוּץ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=2	4 אָמַ֨ר	ccomp	you have scattered
18	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	19 צֹאנ	case	(et)
19	צֹאנ	צֹאן	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 הֲפִצֹתֶ֤ם	obj	flock
20	ִי֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	19 צֹאנ	nmod:poss	my
21	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	22 תַּדִּח֔וּ	cc	and
22	תַּדִּח֔וּ	נָדַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=2	2 כֵן	conj	you
23	ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 תַּדִּח֔וּ	obj	have driven them away
24	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	26 פְקַדְתֶּ֖ם	cc	and
25	לֹ֥א	לֹא	ADV	_	26 פְקַדְתֶּ֖ם	advmod	not
26	פְקַדְתֶּ֖ם	פָּקַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	2 כֵן	conj	you have paid attention to
27	אֹת	אֵת	ADP	_	28 ָ֑ם	case
28	ָ֑ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	26 פְקַדְתֶּ֖ם	obj	them
29	הִנ	הִנֵּה	INTJ	_	31 פֹקֵ֧ד	nsubj	here
30	ְנִ֨י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	29 הִנ	nsubj	I
31	פֹקֵ֧ד	פָּקַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	2 כֵן	parataxis	[am] about to visit
32	עֲלֵי	עַל	ADP	_	33 כֶ֛ם	case	on
33	כֶ֛ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	31 פֹקֵ֧ד	obl	you
34	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	35 רֹ֥עַ	case	(et)
35	רֹ֥עַ	רֹעַ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	31 פֹקֵ֧ד	obj	the wickedness
36	מַעַלְלֵי	מַעֲלָל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	35 רֹ֥עַ	compound:smixut	your deeds
37	כֶ֖ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	36 מַעַלְלֵי	nmod:poss	your
38	נְאֻם־	נְאֻם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 כֵן	parataxis	the utterance
39	יְהוָֽה	יהוה	PROPN	_	38 נְאֻם־	compound:smixut	of Yahweh
40	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	39 יְהוָֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
the frame alone: decl · assert · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
אָמַר he says	qatal · qal	יְהוָה Yahweh
רֹעִים are] shepherding	participle active · qal	רֹעִים shepherds	עַמּ people
הֲפִצֹתֶם you have scattered	qatal · hiphil	צֹאנ flock		אַתֶּם you
תַּדִּחוּ you	wayyiqtol · hiphil	ם have driven them away		רֹעִים shepherds
not פְקַדְתֶּם you have paid attention to	qatal · qal	רֹעִים shepherds	ָם them
פֹקֵד [am] about to visit	participle active · qal	ְנִי I	רֹעַ the wickedness

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

בְּכֵן כִּדְנָן אֲמַר יְיָ אֱלָהָא דְיִשְׂרָאֵל עַל פַּרְנָסַיָא דִמְפַרְנְסִין יַת עַמִי אַתּוּן בְּדַרְתּוּן יַת עַמִי וְטַלְטֵילְתִּינוּן וְלָא תְבַעֲתוּן יַתְהוֹן הָאֲנָא מַסְעַר עֲלֵיכוֹן יַת בִּישׁוּת עוֹבָדֵיכוֹן אֲמַר יְיָ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Therefore thus saith the LORD, the God of Israel, against the shepherds that feed My people: Ye have scattered My flock, and driven them away, and have not taken care of them; behold, I will visit upon you the evil of your doings, saith the LORD.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JER:538.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JER.23.2/